Related papers: Torques on low-mass bodies in retrograde orbit in …
We use three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the nonlinear gravitational responses of gas to, and the resulting drag forces on, very massive perturbers moving on circular orbits. This work extends our previous studies…
During early phases of a protoplanetary disks's life, gravitational instabilities can produce significant mass transport, can dramatically alter disk structure, can mix and shock-process gas and solids, and may be instrumental in planet…
Rapid inward migration driven by Type I torques threatens the survival of low-mass planets in their nascent protoplanetary disks (PPDs). Positive co-rotation torques offer a potential solution, but require viscous diffusion to remain…
Low-mass objects embedded in isothermal protoplanetary discs are known to suffer rapid inward Type I migration. In non-isothermal discs, recent work has shown that a decreasing radial profile of the disc entropy can lead to a strong…
We study the tidal interaction between a low-mass companion (e.g., a protoplanet or a black hole) in orbit about a central mass, and the accretion disk within which it is submerged. We present results for a companion on a coplanar orbit…
Migration of protoplanets in their gaseous host disks may be largely responsible for the observed orbital distribution of extrasolar planets. Recent simulations have shown that the magnetorotational turbulence thought to drive accretion in…
Planet migration is inherently a three-dimensional (3D) problem, because Earth-size planetary cores are deeply embedded in protoplanetary disks. Simulations of these 3D disks remain challenging due to the steep requirement in resolution.…
The interaction of a satellite with a gaseous disk results in the excitation of spiral density waves which remove angular momentum from the orbit. In addition, if the orbit is not coplanar with the disk, three-dimensional effects will…
Tidal interaction between a gaseous disk and a massive orbiting perturber is known to result in angular momentum exchange between them. Understanding astrophysical manifestations of this coupling such as gap opening by planets in…
Context. The dynamics of a low-mass protoplanet accreting solids is influenced by the heating torque, which was found to suppress inward migration in protoplanetary disks with constant opacities. Aims. We investigate the differences of the…
Using two-dimensional simulations, we compute the torque and rate of work (power) on a low-mass gravitational body, with softening length $R_{\rm soft}$, embedded in a gaseous disk when its orbit is eccentric and retrograde with respect to…
We investigate the linear tidal perturbation of a viscous Keplerian disk by a companion star orbiting in a plane inclined to the disk. We consider m=1 perturbations with odd symmetry with respect to the z=0 midplane. Since the response of a…
We investigate the gravitational wake due to, and dynamical friction on, a perturber moving on a circular orbit in a uniform gaseous medium using a semi-analytic method. This work is a straightforward extension of Ostriker (1999) who…
In order to reproduce the statistical properties of the observed exoplanets, population synthesis models have shown that the migration of protoplanets should be significantly slowed down, and that processes stalling migration should be at…
We evaluate the thermal torques exerted on low-mass planets embedded in gaseous protoplanetary discs with thermal diffusion, by means of high-resolution three-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations. We confirm that thermal torques…
The torque felt by a non-accreting protoplanet on a circular orbit embedded in a uniform surface density protoplanetary disk is analyzed by means of time-dependent numerical simulations. Varying the viscosity enables one to disentangle the…
(Abridged) We present global disc and local shearing box simulations of planets interacting with a MHD turbulent disc. We examine the torque exerted by the disc on the embedded planets as a function of planet mass, and thus make a first…
Gravitational coupling between a gaseous disk and an orbiting perturber leads to angular momentum exchange between them which can result in gap opening by planets in protoplanetary disks and clearing of gas by binary supermassive black…
The migration of planets on nearly circular, non-inclined orbits in protoplanetary discs is entirely described by the disc's torque. This torque is a complex function of the disc parameters, and essentially amounts to the sum of two…
We provide torque formulae for low mass planets undergoing type I migration in gaseous disks. These torque formulae put special emphasis on the horseshoe drag, which is prone to saturation: the asymptotic value reached by the horseshoe drag…