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Both black hole thermodynamics and finite volume effects in quantum field theory violate the null energy condition. Motivated by this, we compare thermodynamic features between two $1+1$-dimensional systems: (i) a scalar field confined to a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-06 Jean Alexandre , Drew Backhouse , Eleni-Alexandra Kontou , Diego Pardo Santos , Silvia Pla

Classical general relativity predicts that a contracting, spherically symmetric matter system with a large-enough mass will result in the formation of a trapped region whose outer boundary is an apparent horizon where the gravitational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-01 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved , Hagar Meir

When using the black hole exclusion (horizon boundary condition) technique, $K$ is usually nonzero and spatially variable, so none of the special cases of York's conformal-decomposition algorithm apply, and the full 4-vector nonlinear York…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-12 Jonathan Thornburg

We discuss the quantization of a spherical dust shell in a rigorous manner. Classically, the shell can collapse to form a black hole with a singularity. In the quantum theory, we construct a well-defined self-adjoint extension for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-12-29 Claus Kiefer

The radiation emitted by a black hole (BH) during its evaporation has to have some degree of quantum coherence to accommodate a unitary time evolution. We parametrize the degree of coherence by the number of coherently emitted particles…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-01-08 Ram Brustein , A. J. M. Medved

The presumption that Hawking radiations are thermally distributed can be considered to result from their entanglement with the internal degrees of freedom for a black hole. This leads to the "firewall" paradox if unitary evolution continues…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-02-25 Baocheng Zhang , Li You

We consider the restoration of a spontaneously broken symmetry of an interacting quantum scalar field around neutral, i.e., Schwarzschild, and electrically charged, i.e., Reissner-Nordstr\"om, black holes in four dimensions. This is done…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-09-25 Gonçalo M. Quinta , Antonino Flachi , José P. S. Lemos

We construct cosmological long-wavelength solutions without symmetry in general gauge conditions compatible with the long-wavelength scheme. We then specify the relationship among the solutions in different time slicings. Applying this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-01-25 Tomohiro Harada , Chul-Moon Yoo , Tomohiro Nakama , Yasutaka Koga

We consider an evaporating Schwarzschild black hole in a framework in which the spectral dimension of spacetime varies continuously from four at large distances to a number smaller than three at small distances, as suggested by various…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-06-18 S. Carlip , D. Grumiller

We introduce a multipolar scheme for describing the structure of stationary, axisymmetric, force-free black-hole magnetospheres in the ``3+1'' formalism. We focus here on Schwarzschild spacetime, giving a complete classification of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Pranab Ghosh

The asymptotically flat, spherical, electro-vacuum black holes (BHs) are shown to support static, spherical configurations of a gauged, self-interacting, scalar field, minimally coupled to the geometry. Considering a $Q$-ball type potential…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-06-24 Carlos A. R. Herdeiro , Eugen Radu

Quantization is performed of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe filled with a conformally invariant scalar field and a perfect fluid with equation of state $p=\alpha \rho$. A well-known discrete set of static quantum wormholes is shown…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-25 N. A. Lemos , G. A. Monerat

We discuss the generic properties of a general, smoothly varying, spherically symmetric mass distribution $\mathcal{D}(r,\theta)$, with no cosmological term ($\theta$ is a length scale parameter). Observing these constraints, we show that…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-06-12 Mustapha Azreg-Aïnou

We study black hole formation in a model of two dimensional dilaton gravity and 24 massless scalar fields with a boundary. We find the most general boundary condition consistent with perfect reflection of matter and the constraints. We show…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-01 Sumit R. Das , Sudipta Mukherji

Among the different methods to derive particle creation, finding the quantum stress tensor expectation value gives a covariant quantity which can be used for examining the back-reaction issue. However this tensor also includes vacuum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-03 Javad T. Firouzjaee , George F. R. Ellis

We consider a massless quantum scalar field on a two-dimensional space-time describing a thin shell of matter collapsing to form a Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter black hole. At early times, before the shell starts to collapse, the quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-03 Paul G. Abel , Elizabeth Winstanley

We study an internal structure of (2+1)-dimensional black hole with the neutral scalar matter in the spherically symmetric geometry by using a quantum theory of gravity which holds in the both vicinities of the singularity and the apparent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Ichiro Oda

We study spherically symmetric, self-similar wormhole solutions supported by colliding streams of negative-energy null dust, and their dynamical formation. Under the assumption of self-similarity, the Einstein equations reduce to a system…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-17 Yasutaka Koga , Ryota Maeda , Daiki Saito , Daisuke Yoshida

We consider the behaviour of a quantum scalar field on three-dimensional Euclidean backgrounds: Anti-de Sitter space, the regular BTZ black hole instanton and the BTZ instanton with a conical singularity at the horizon. The corresponding…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-08-24 Robert B. Mann , Sergey N. Solodukhin

In this work, shells are mathematically constructed by applying the cut and paste procedure to D-dimensional spherically symmetric geometries. The weak energy condition for the matter on the shells is briefly analyzed. The dynamical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-04-10 Ernesto F. Eiroa , Claudio Simeone