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Promptly and accurately answering questions on products is important for e-commerce applications. Manually answering product questions (e.g. on community question answering platforms) results in slow response and does not scale. Recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-10 Shiwei Zhang , Xiuzhen Zhang , Jey Han Lau , Jeffrey Chan , Cecile Paris

In today's digital world, seeking answers to health questions on the Internet is a common practice. However, existing question answering (QA) systems often rely on using pre-selected and annotated evidence documents, thus making them…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Juraj Vladika , Florian Matthes

Reading a document and extracting an answer to a question about its content has attracted substantial attention recently. While most work has focused on the interaction between the question and the document, in this work we evaluate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Shimi Salant , Jonathan Berant

Multiple-Choice Question Answering (MCQA) is a challenging task in machine reading comprehension. The main challenge in MCQA is to extract "evidence" from the given context that supports the correct answer. In the OpenbookQA dataset, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Sicheng Yu , Hao Zhang , Wei Jing , Jing Jiang

Retrieved documents containing noise will hinder RAG from detecting answer clues and make the inference process slow and expensive. Therefore, context compression is necessary to enhance its accuracy and efficiency. Existing context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Qianchi Zhang , Hainan Zhang , Liang Pang , Hongwei Zheng , Zhiming Zheng

Question answering (QA) systems are sensitive to the many different ways natural language expresses the same information need. In this paper we turn to paraphrases as a means of capturing this knowledge and present a general framework which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Li Dong , Jonathan Mallinson , Siva Reddy , Mirella Lapata

Standard accuracy metrics indicate that reading comprehension systems are making rapid progress, but the extent to which these systems truly understand language remains unclear. To reward systems with real language understanding abilities,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-25 Robin Jia , Percy Liang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and long-context language models (LCLMs) both address context limitations of LLMs in open-domain question answering (QA). However, optimal external context to retrieve remains an open problem: fixing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Chihiro Taguchi , Seiji Maekawa , Nikita Bhutani

Time is one of the crucial factors in real-world question answering (QA) problems. However, language models have difficulty understanding the relationships between time specifiers, such as 'after' and 'before', and numbers, since existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Jungbin Son , Alice Oh

It is challenging to automatically evaluate the answer of a QA model at inference time. Although many models provide confidence scores, and simple heuristics can go a long way towards indicating answer correctness, such measures are heavily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Lukas Muttenthaler , Isabelle Augenstein , Johannes Bjerva

Despite extensive research on a wide range of question answering (QA) systems, most existing work focuses on answer containment-i.e., assuming that answers can be directly extracted and/or generated from documents in the corpus. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Jamshid Mozafari , Hamed Zamani , Guido Zuccon , Adam Jatowt

Transformer-based architectures in natural language processing force input size limits that can be problematic when long documents need to be processed. This paper overcomes this issue for keyphrase extraction by chunking the long documents…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Martin Docekal , Pavel Smrz

Question-answering (QA) is a significant application of Large Language Models (LLMs), shaping chatbot capabilities across healthcare, education, and customer service. However, widespread LLM integration presents a challenge for small…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Md Adnan Arefeen , Biplob Debnath , Srimat Chakradhar

Context-based question answering (CBQA) models provide more accurate and relevant answers by considering the contextual information. They effectively extract specific information given a context, making them functional in various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Muhammad Muneeb , David B. Ascher , Ahsan Baidar Bakht

Conversational Question Answering (ConvQA) models aim at answering a question with its relevant paragraph and previous question-answer pairs that occurred during conversation multiple times. To apply such models to a real-world scenario,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Soyeong Jeong , Jinheon Baek , Sung Ju Hwang , Jong C. Park

Question-answering (QA) models have advanced significantly in machine reading comprehension but often exhibit biases that hinder their performance, particularly with complex queries in adversarial conditions. This study evaluates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yuefeng Wang , ChangJae Lee

Question Answering (QA) systems require a large amount of annotated data which is costly and time-consuming to gather. Converting datasets of existing QA benchmarks are challenging due to different formats and complexities. To address these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Saptarashmi Bandyopadhyay , Shraman Pal , Hao Zou , Abhranil Chandra , Jordan Boyd-Graber

Deep neural networks have been critical in the task of Visual Question Answering (VQA), with research traditionally focused on improving model accuracy. Recently, however, there has been a trend towards evaluating the robustness of these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Jia-Hong Huang , Modar Alfadly , Bernard Ghanem , Marcel Worring

Question answering (QA) has significantly benefitted from deep learning techniques in recent years. However, domain-specific QA remains a challenge due to the significant amount of data required to train a neural network. This paper studies…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Helen Jiahe Zhao , Jiamou Liu

The financial domain frequently deals with large numbers of long documents that are essential for daily operations. Significant effort is put towards automating financial data analysis. However, a persistent challenge, not limited to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Viet Dac Lai , Michael Krumdick , Charles Lovering , Varshini Reddy , Craig Schmidt , Chris Tanner