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In this work, we derived formulae concerning the electric and magnetic field characteristics of a focused radially polarized Gaussian vector beam. Such a beam is consistent with Maxwell's equations contrary to plane waves having uniform…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-04 László Pálfalvi , Zerihun Tadele Godana , János Hebling

We provide the theoretical framework to understand the phenomenology and statistics of single-molecule (SM) signals arising in Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) under the presence of so-called electromagnetic hot-spots (HS's). We…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 E. C. Le Ru , P. G. Etchegoin , M. Meyer

We investigate the critical behavior of three-dimensional random-field Ising systems with both Gauss and bimodal distribution of random fields and additional the three-dimensional diluted Ising antiferromagnet in an external field. These…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. K. Hartmann , U. Nowak

We show the presence of an electromagnetic field can cause a gravitational Meissner effect and, as a result, a gravitational shielding. With this aim in view we must first unveil the following problems : generalized Maxwell equations,…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Agop , C. Gh. Buzea , B. Ciobanu

We investigate how a quenched random field influences the damage spreading transition in kinetic Ising models. To this end we generalize a recent master equation approach and derive an effective field theory for damage spreading in random…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-30 Thomas Vojta

Ising model with quenched random magnetic fields is examined for single Gaussian, bimodal and double Gaussian random field distributions by introducing an effective field approximation that takes into account the correlations between…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-08-14 Ümit Akıncı , Yusuf Yüksel , Hamza Polat

Generalized Maxwell distribution is an extension of the classic Maxwell distribution. In this paper, we concentrate on the joint distributional asymptotics of normalized maxima and minima. Under optimal normalizing constants, asymptotic…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Jianwen Huang

Mean-Field is an efficient way to approximate a posterior distribution in complex graphical models and constitutes the most popular class of Bayesian variational approximation methods. In most applications, the mean field distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-02-23 Pierre Baqué , Jean-Hubert Hours , François Fleuret , Pascal Fua

We study the probability distribution $F(u)$ of the maximum of smooth Gaussian fields defined on compact subsets of $\R^d$ having some geometric regularity. Our main result is a general formula for the density of $F$. Even though this is an…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Jean-Marc Azaïs Mario Wschebor

This is the second part in a series of two papers that concern with the quantitative analysis of the electromagnetic field enhancement and anomalous diffraction by a periodic array of subwavelength slits. In this part, we explore the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-06-08 Junshan Lin , Hai Zhang

Field emission effect is the emission of electrons from a cold metallic surface in the presence of an electric field. The emission current exponentially depends on the work function of the metallic surface. In this work we consider the role…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-07-06 Nandan Pakhira , Rajib Mahato

Motivated by recent experiments [Ward et al., Nature Nanotech. 5, 732 (2010)], we present here a theoretical analysis of the optical response of sharp gold electrodes separated by a subnanometer gap. In particular, we have used classical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-27 Antonio Garcia-Martin , Daniel R. Ward , Douglas Natelson , Juan Carlos Cuevas

An effective-medium theory is proposed for random weakly nonlinear dielectric media. It is based on a new gaussian approximation for the probability distributions of the electric field in each component of a multi-phase composite. These…

Materials Science · Physics 2008-04-17 Yves-Patrick Pellegrini

The radial spread of charged particles emitted from a point source in a magnetic field is a potential source of systematic error for any experiment where magnetic fields guide charged particles to detectors with finite size. Assuming…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-22 S. K. L. Sjue , L. Broussard , M. Makela , P. L. McGaughey , A. R. Young , B. A. Zeck

When solving the Laplace equation numerically via computer simulation, in order to determine the field values at the surface of a shape model that represents a field emitter, it is necessary to define a simulation box and, within this, a…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-03-22 Fernando F. Dall'Agnol , Thiago A. de Assis , Richard G. Forbes

Experiments on field electron emission from single-tip nanoemitters have typically been carried out using a counter-electrode with a finite curvature radius $R$, positioned at a distance $d_{\rm{gap}}$ from the emitter's apex. The effects…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-02-12 Thiago A. de Assis , Fernando F. Dalll'Agnol

The extremal Fourier intensities are studied for stationary Edwards-Wilkinson-type, Gaussian, interfaces with power-law dispersion. We calculate the probability distribution of the maximal intensity and find that, generically, it does not…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-29 G. Gyorgyi , P. C. W. Holdsworth , B. Portelli , Z. Racz

This dissertation is concerned with understanding and analyzing some of the effects of diffraction in the near field. The contributions of homogeneous and of evanescent waves to two-dimensional near-field diffraction patterns of scalar…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 Marek W. Kowarz

The method of effective field theories (EFTs) is developed for the scattering of two particles at wavelengths which are large compared to the range of their interaction. It is shown that the renormalized EFT is equivalent to the effective…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 U. van Kolck

The probability distribution of the magnitude can be modeled by an exponential distribution according to the Gutenberg-Richter relation. Two alternatives are the truncated exponential distribution (TED) and the cut-off exponential…

Geophysics · Physics 2015-06-19 Mathias Raschke