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The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a promising converter technology for various highvoltage high-power applications. The reason to that is low-distortion output quantities can be achieved with low average switching frequencies per…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-01-03 Khushbu Saradva , Meeta Matnani , Tapankumar Trivedi

The time-modulated array is a simple array architecture in which each antenna is connected to an RF switch that serves as a modulator. The phase shift is achieved by digitally controlling the relative delay between the periodic modulating…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Marcin Wachowiak , André Bourdoux , Sofie Pollin

We derive reciprocal integral relations between phases and amplitude moduli for a class of wave functions that are cyclically varying in time. The relations imply that changes of a certain kind (e.g. not arising from the dynamic phase)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 R. Englman , A. Yahalom , M. Baer

The influence of turbine-turbine interactions on sound propagation is investigated using numerical simulations. Three configurations are examined: turbines aligned downstream of each other, placed side by side, and arranged in a staggered…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-15 Jules Colas , Ariane Emmanuelli , Didier Dragna , Richard J. A. M. Stevens

General formalism for describing dynamics of modulated beams along linear beamlines is developed. We describe modulated beams with spectral distribution function which represents Fourier transform of the conventional beam distribution…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2011-12-05 Nikolai A. Yampolsky

In this work we formulate a generalized theoretical model to describe the nonlinear dynamics observed in combined frequency-amplitude modulators whose characteristic parameters exhibit a nonlinear dependence on the input modulating signal.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 G. Consolo , V. Puliafito , G. Finocchio , L. Lopez-Diaz , R. Zivieri , L. Giovannini , F. Nizzoli , G. Valenti , B. Azzerboni

Nonlinear systems can be probed by driving them with two or more pure tones while measuring the intermodulation products of the drive tones in the response. We describe a digital lock-in analyzer which is designed explicitly for this…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-06-11 Erik A. Tholen , Daniel Platz , Daniel Forchheimer , Vivien Schuler , Mats O. Tholen , Carsten Hutter , David B. Haviland

We developed analytical technique for extracting the phase, visibility and amplitude information as needed for interferometric astrometry with the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM). Our model accounts for a number of physical and…

Optics · Physics 2008-11-26 Slava G. Turyshev

An exact and general expression for the analytic wavelet transform of a real-valued signal is constructed, resolving the time-dependent effects of non-negligible amplitude and frequency modulation. The analytic signal is first locally…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2011-10-18 Jonathan M. Lilly , Sofia C. Olhede

This study introduces a novel metric, Plan Aperture Modulation (PAM), developed to quantify the modulation of radiotherapy treatment plans. PAM aims to provide a clear geometric interpretation, addressing the limitations of previous…

Medical Physics · Physics 2025-11-25 Victor Hernandez , Iñigo Lara-Aristimuño , Ruben Abella , Jordi Saez

A broadband squeezed vacuum photon field is characterized by a complex squeezing function. We show that by controlling the wavelength dependence of its phase it is possible to change the dynamics of the atomic polarization interacting with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-03-11 Itay Rabinak , Eran Ginossar , Shimon Levit

The spectral properties of a multilevel atomic system interacting with multiple electromagnetic fields, a modified inverted-Y system, have been theoretically investigated. In this study, a numerical matrix propagation method has been…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2019-05-22 Charu Mishra , A. Chakraborty , S. R. Mishra

With the re-definition of the International System of Units (SI) that occurred in October of 2018, there has recently been a great deal of attention on the development of atom-based sensors for metrology applications. In particular, great…

We investigate the effect of phase modulation of laser beams on the coherent and incoherent non-linear signals arising from the interaction of femtosecond pulses with matter. We observe that two collinear beams, whose phases are modulated…

Optics · Physics 2015-05-29 Khadga Jung Karki , Loni Kringle , Andrew H. Marcus , Tõnu Pullerits

Experimental observation of Doppler-free signals for weak transitions can be greatly facilitated by an estimate for their expected amplitudes. We derive an analytical model which allows the Doppler-free amplitude to be estimated for small…

Optics · Physics 2008-10-16 M. Zeppenfeld , M. Motsch , P. W. H. Pinkse , G. Rempe

Temporal modulation of components of electromagnetic systems provides an exceptional opportunity to engineer the response of those systems in a desired fashion, both in the time and frequency domains. For engineering time-modulated systems,…

This contribution focuses on phase-noise added during frequency conversion in low-level radio frequency (LLRF) control systems. The stability of beams' parameters in linear accelerators depends on the stability of amplitude and phase of the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2018-06-26 Igor Rutkowski , Krzysztof Czuba

In acoustic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic propagation, crossed media are often modelled by linear filters with complex gains in accordance with the Beer-Lambert law. This paper addresses the problem of propagation in media where…

Optics · Physics 2010-08-26 Bernard Lacaze

We consider theoretically light scattering by a resonant layer that periodically moves in real space. At small frequencies of motion the scattered light spectrum reveals the frequency shift that is governed by the Doppler effect. At higher…

Optics · Physics 2020-12-02 A. V. Poshakinskiy , A. N. Poddubny , N. A. Gippius