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We propose a novel method to probe the parameters and origin channels of gravitational wave events using the escape velocities of their host environments. This method could lead to more convergent posterior distributions offering additional…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-29 Guo-Peng Li , Xi-Long Fan

Combining multiple events into population analyses is a cornerstone of gravitational-wave astronomy. A critical component of such studies is the assumed population model, which can range from astrophysically motivated functional forms to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-05-21 Cecilia Maria Fabbri , Davide Gerosa , Alessandro Santini , Matthew Mould , Alexandre Toubiana , Jonathan Gair

Gravitational-wave (GW) catalogs are rapidly increasing in number, allowing for robust statistical analyses of the population of compact binaries. Nonetheless, GW inference of cosmology has typically relied on additional electromagnetic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-15 Jose María Ezquiaga

We show how LIGO is expected to detect coalescing binary black holes at $z>1$, that are lensed by the intervening galaxy population. Gravitational magnification, $\mu$, strengthens gravitational wave signals by $\sqrt{\mu}$, without…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-24 Ken K. Y. Ng , Kaze W. K. Wong , Tjonnie G. F. Li , Tom Broadhurst

The spin-orbit tilt angles $\theta_{1(2)}$ of merging stellar-mass black holes provide key insights into their astrophysical origin. Non-parametric population modelling of The LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA Collaborations (2025a, arXiv:2508.18083)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-01 Jakob Stegmann , Fabio Antonini , Aleksandra Olejak , Sylvia Biscoveanu , Vivien Raymond , Stefano Rinaldi , Elizabeth Flanagan

While the majority of gravitational wave (GW) events observed by the LIGO and Virgo detectors are consistent with mergers of binary black holes (BBHs) on quasi-circular orbits, some events are also consistent with non-zero orbital…

We present an improved search for binary compact-object mergers using a network of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. We model a volumetric, isotropic source population and incorporate the resulting distribution over signal…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-05-29 Alexander H. Nitz , Thomas Dent , Tito Dal Canton , Stephen Fairhurst , Duncan A. Brown

Future ground-based and space-borne interferometric gravitational-wave detectors may capture between tens and thousands of binary coalescence events per year. There is a significant and growing body of work on the estimation of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-04-23 Ilya Mandel

The coalescence of massive black hole binaries (with masses $10^4 - 10^7 M_{\odot}$) leads to gravitational wave emission that is detectable out to high redshifts ($z \sim 20$) with the forthcoming LISA observatory. We combine the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 Hamsa Padmanabhan , Abraham Loeb

The source binary of the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW230529, detected at the beginning of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run, was inferred to consist of a NS and a compact object in the lower mass gap, a purported gap between the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-03-19 Jessica Cotturone , Michael Zevin , Sylvia Biscoveanu

Measurements of the spin of stellar mass black holes (BHs) are now possible both through LIGO observations of binary BH mergers and for BHs in X-ray binary systems. The spins of BHs as inferred from LIGO observations suggest that BH spins…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-11-20 Nicolas Fernandez , Akshay Ghalsasi , Stefano Profumo

We use the gravitational wave signals from binary black hole merger events observed by LIGO and Virgo to reconstruct the underlying mass and spin distributions of the population of merging black holes. We reconstruct the population using…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-27 Vaibhav Tiwari , Stephen Fairhurst

The black holes detected by current and future interferometers can have diverse origins. Their expected mass and spin distributions depend on the specifics of the formation mechanisms. When a physically motivated prior distribution is used…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-03 S. Bhagwat , V. De Luca , G. Franciolini , P. Pani , A. Riotto

Gravitational waves (GWs) have rapidly become important cosmological probes since their first detection in 2015. As the number of detected events continues to rise, upcoming instruments like the Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-12-03 Stefano Zazzera , José Fonseca , Tessa Baker , Chris Clarkson

A small fraction of the gravitational-wave (GW) signals from binary black holes observable by ground-based detectors will be strongly lensed by intervening objects such as galaxies and clusters. Strong lensing will produce nearly identical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-03 A. Barsode , S. Goyal , P. Ajith

There has been a striking realization that physics resolving the black hole information paradox could imply postmerger gravitational wave echoes. We here report on evidence for echoes from the LIGO compact binary merger events, GW151226,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-23 Randy S. Conklin , Bob Holdom , Jing Ren

Gravitational lensing allows the detection of binary black holes (BBH) at cosmological distances with chirp masses that appear to be enhanced by $1+z$ in the range $1<z<4$, in good agreement with the reported BBH masses. We propose this…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-25 Tom Broadhurst , Jose M. Diego , George F. Smoot

Focusing on the remnant black holes after merging binary black holes, we show that ringdown gravitational waves of Population III binary black holes mergers can be detected with the rate of $5.9-500~{\rm events~yr^{-1}}~({\rm SFR_p}/…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-02 Tomoya Kinugawa , Hiroyuki Nakano , Takashi Nakamura

Gravitational-wave observations of coalescing binary systems allow for novel tests of the strong-field regime of gravity. Using data from the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center (GWOSC) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors, we place the first…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-03 Noah Sennett , Richard Brito , Alessandra Buonanno , Victor Gorbenko , Leonardo Senatore

Modeling the stochastic gravitational wave background from various astrophysical sources is a key objective in view of upcoming observations with ground- and space-based gravitational wave observatories such as Advanced LIGO, VIRGO, eLISA…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-12-07 Irina Dvorkin , Jean-Philippe Uzan , Elisabeth Vangioni , Joseph Silk