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A wide range of approaches have been explored to meet the challenges of graphene nanostructure fabrication, all requiring complex and high-end nanofabrication platform and suffering from surface contaminations, potentially giving electrical…
Mirroring their role in electrical and optical physics, two-dimensional crystals are emerging as novel platforms for fluid separations and water desalination, which are hydrodynamic processes that occur in nanoscale environments. For…
A far-reaching goal of graphene research is exploiting the unique properties of carriers to realize extreme nonclassical electronic transport. Of particular interest is harnessing wavelike carriers to guide and direct them on submicron…
Conventional field effect transistor operation in graphene is limited by its zero gap and minimum quantum conductivity. In this work, we report on controlled electrochemical modification of graphene such that its conductance changes by more…
The need for organisms to regulate their volume and osmolarity when surrounded by freshwater is a basic physical challenge for many bacteria, protists and algae. Taking inspiration from the contractile vacuole complex found in many…
Scale-up of flow-electrode capacitive deionization is hindered due to the reliance on thick brittle graphite current collectors. Inspired by developments of electrochemical technologies we present the use of flexible membrane electrode…
The dynamic covalent properties of graphene oxide (GO) are of fundamental interest to a broad range of scientific areas and technological applications. It remains a challenge to access the feasible dynamic reactions for reversibly…
Hydrogen is one of the prime candidates for clean energy source with high energy density. However, current industrial methods of hydrogen production are difficult to provide hydrogen with high purity, thus hard to meet the requirements in…
The electropermeabilization of biological cell membranes by the application of an external field occurs whenever an applied field exceeds a threshold value. For fields above this threshold value but less than another critical value, the…
Reversible control of surface wettability has wide applications in lab-on-chip systems, tunable optical lenses, and microfluidic tools. Using a graphene sheet as a sample material and molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, we demonstrate that…
The movement of ionic solutions is an essential part of biology and technology. Fluidics, from nano- to micro- to microfluidics, is a burgeoning area of technology which is all about the movement of ionic solutions, on various scales. Many…
Despite being only one-atom thick, defect-free graphene is considered to be completely impermeable to all gases and liquids. This conclusion is based on theory and supported by experiments that could not detect gas permeation through…
Collocated tactile sensing is a fundamental enabling technology for dexterous manipulation. However, deformable sensors introduce complex dynamics between the robot, grasped object, and environment that must be considered for fine…
We demonstrate with a fully quantum-mechanical approach that graphene can function as gate-controllable transistors for pumped spin currents, i.e., a stream of angular momentum induced by the precession of adjacent magnetizations, which…
Graphene-water interaction has been under scrutiny ever since graphene discovery and realization of its exceptional properties. Several computational and experimental reports exist that have tried to look into the interactions involved,…
Gapless spectrum of graphene allows easy spatial separation of electrons and holes with an external in-plane electric field. Guided collective plasmon modes can propagate along the separation line, whose amplitude decays with the distance…
Possible mechanisms of overlimiting current in unsupported electrolytes, exceeding diffusion limitation, have been intensely studied for their fundamental significance and applications to desalination, separations, sensing, and energy…
On-chip integration of two-dimensional (2D) materials with unique structures and distinctive properties endow integrated devices with new functionalities and improved performance. With a high flexibility in modifying its properties and a…
This paper presents an electrolytically gated broadband microwave sensor where atomically-thin graphene layers are integrated into coplanar waveguides and coupled with microfluidic channels. The interaction between a solution under test and…
The role of graphene in mediating the exchange interaction is theoretically investigated when it is placed between two ferromagnetic dielectric materials. The calculation based on a tight-binding model illustrates that the magnetic…