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It is no secret that statistical modelling often involves making simplifying assumptions when attempting to study complex stochastic phenomena. Spatial modelling of extreme values is no exception, with one of the most common such…

Applications · Statistics 2025-05-05 Lydia Kakampakou , Emma S. Simpson , Jennifer L. Wadsworth

Storm surge, the onshore rush of sea water caused by the high winds and low pressure associated with a hurricane, can compound the effects of inland flooding caused by rainfall, leading to loss of property and loss of life for residents of…

Applications · Statistics 2009-09-29 Brian J. Reich , Montserrat Fuentes

A new approach for evaluating time-trends in extreme values accounting also for spatial dependence is proposed. Based on exceedances over a space-time threshold, estimators for a trend function and for extreme value parameters are given,…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-17 Ana Ferreira , Petra Friederichs , Laurens de Haan , Cláudia Neves , Martin Schlather

Climate models have become an important tool in the study of climate and climate change, and ensemble experiments consisting of multiple climate-model runs are used in studying and quantifying the uncertainty in climate-model output.…

Applications · Statistics 2011-04-15 Stephan R. Sain , Reinhard Furrer , Noel Cressie

We introduce a novel forecasting model for crop yields that explicitly accounts for spatio-temporal dependence and the influence of extreme weather and climatic events. Our approach combines Bayesian Structural Time Series for modeling…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-01 Marie Michaelides , Mélina Mailhot , Yongkun Li

One measurement modality for rainfall is a fixed location rain gauge. However, extreme rainfall, flooding, and other climate extremes often occur at larger spatial scales and affect more than one location in a community. For example, in…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-02 Carlynn Fagnant , Julia C. Schedler , Katherine B. Ensor

We develop new flexible univariate models for light-tailed and heavy-tailed data, which extend a hierarchical representation of the generalized Pareto (GP) limit for threshold exceedances. These models can accommodate departure from…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-14 Rishikesh Yadav , Raphaël Huser , Thomas Opitz

Flexible random scale-mixture models provide a framework for capturing a broad range of extremal dependence structures. However, likelihood-based inference under the peaks-over-threshold setting is often computationally infeasible, due to…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-10 Muyang Shi , Likun Zhang , Benjamin A. Shaby

In this work we present full Bayesian inference for a new flexible nonseparable class of cross-covariance functions for multivariate spatial data. A Bayesian test is proposed for separability of covariance functions which is much more…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-24 Rafael S. Erbisti , Thais C. O. Fonseca , Mariane B. Alves

We present a multivariate hierarchical space-time model to describe the joint series of monthly extreme temperatures and amounts of rainfall. Data are available for 360 monitoring stations over 60 years, with missing data affecting almost…

The appropriateness of the Poisson model is frequently challenged when examining spatial count data marked by unbalanced distributions, over-dispersion, or under-dispersion. Moreover, traditional parametric models may inadequately capture…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-26 Mahsa Nadifar , Andriette Bekker , Mohammad Arashi , Abel Ramoelo

The heavy-tailed nature of precipitation intensity impedes precise precipitation nowcasting. Standard models that optimize pixel-wise losses are prone to regression-to-the-mean bias, which blurs extreme values. Existing Fourier-based…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-02-03 Baitian Liu , Haiping Zhang , Huiling Yuan , Dongjing Wang , Ying Li , Feng Chen , Hao Wu

Improving the representation of precipitation in Earth system models (ESMs) is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change and especially of extreme events like floods and droughts. In existing ESMs, precipitation is not resolved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Michael Aich , Sebastian Bathiany , Philipp Hess , Yu Huang , Niklas Boers

Heavy rainfall distributional modeling is essential in any impact studies linked to the water cycle, e.g.\ flood risks. Still, statistical analyses that both take into account the temporal and multivariate nature of extreme rainfall are…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-05-13 Gloria Buriticá , Philippe Naveau

Statistical modeling of a nonstationary spatial extremal dependence structure is challenging. Max-stable processes are common choices for modeling spatially-indexed block maxima, where an assumption of stationarity is usual to make…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-01 Xuanjie Shao , Arnab Hazra , Jordan Richards , Raphaël Huser

Extreme value statistics provides accurate estimates for the small occurrence probabilities of rare events. While theory and statistical tools for univariate extremes are well-developed, methods for high-dimensional and complex data sets…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-01-06 Sebastian Engelke , Jevgenijs Ivanovs

Extreme floods cause casualties, and widespread damage to property and vital civil infrastructure. We here propose a Bayesian approach for predicting extreme floods using the generalized extreme-value (GEV) distribution within gauged and…

Statistical modelling of spatial extreme events has gained increasing attention over the last few decades with max-stable processes, and more recently $r$-Pareto processes, becoming the reference tools for the statistical analysis of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-02 Peng Zhong , Scott A. Sisson , Boris Beranger

Preventive control is a crucial strategy for power system operation against impending natural hazards, and its effectiveness fundamentally relies on the realism of scenario generation. While most existing studies employ sequential Monte…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-21 Ziyue Li , Guanglun Zhang , Grant Ruan , Haiwang Zhong , Chongqing Kang

Modelling multivariate extreme events is essential when extrapolating beyond the range of observed data. Parametric models that are suitable for real-world extremes must be flexible -- particularly in their ability to capture asymmetric…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-05 Pavel Krupskii , Boris Béranger