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Digitalization and Smart systems are part of our everyday lives today. So far the development has been rapid and all the implications that comes after the deployment has not been able to foresee or even assess during the development,…

Current evaluations of defenses against prompt attacks in large language model (LLM) applications often overlook two critical factors: the dynamic nature of adversarial behavior and the usability penalties imposed on legitimate users by…

Commodity memory interfaces have difficulty in scaling memory capacity to meet the needs of modern multicore and big data systems. DRAM device density and maximum device count are constrained by technology, package, and signal in- tegrity…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) mitigates the hallucination problem in large language models (LLMs) and has proven effective for personalized usages. However, delivering private retrieved documents directly to LLMs introduces…

Data Loss/Leakage Prevention (DLP) continues to be the main issue for many large organizations. There are multiple numbers of emerging security attach scenarios and a limitless number of overcoming solutions. Today's enterprises' major…

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) play a vital role in defending modern cyber physical systems against increasingly sophisticated cyber threats. Deep Reinforcement Learning-based IDS, have shown promise due to their adaptive and…

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance across diverse tasks yet remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass safety mechanisms. We present RAID (Refusal-Aware and Integrated Decoding), a framework that…

Autonomous vehicles must remain safe and effective when encountering rare long-tailed scenarios or cyber-physical intrusions during driving. We present RAIL, a risk-aware human-in-the-loop framework that turns heterogeneous runtime signals…

In the future world of safe traffic, intelligent transportation systems play a vital role. The connections between traffic participants and systems on the one and infrastructure and service providers on the other side are a necessary…

Implicit authentication (IA) transparently authenticates users by utilizing their behavioral data sampled from various sensors. Identifying the illegitimate user through constantly analyzing current users' behavior, IA adds another layer of…

Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have driven the emergence of complex new systems to provide access to information, that we will collectively refer to as modular generative information access (GenIA) systems. They integrate a…

The widespread adoption of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in real-world applications has heightened concerns about the confidentiality and integrity of their proprietary knowledge bases. These knowledge bases, which play a…

The success and wide adoption of generative AI (GenAI), particularly large language models (LLMs), has attracted the attention of cybercriminals seeking to abuse models, steal sensitive data, or disrupt services. Moreover, providing…

Data privacy is critical in instilling trust and empowering the societal pacts of modern technology-driven democracies. Unfortunately, it is under continuous attack by overreaching or outright oppressive governments, including some of the…

Many challenging real-world problems require the deployment of ensembles multiple complementary learning models to reach acceptable performance levels. While effective, applying the entire ensemble to every sample is costly and often…

This article presents a digital twin (DT)-enhanced reinforcement learning (RL) framework aimed at optimizing performance and reliability in network resource management, since the traditional RL methods face several unified challenges when…

Gradient inversion attacks on federated learning systems reconstruct client training data from exchanged gradient information. To defend against such attacks, a variety of defense mechanisms were proposed. However, they usually lead to an…

The accelerated expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) has raised critical challenges associated with privacy, security, and data integrity, specifically in infrastructures such as smart cities or smart manufacturing. Blockchain…

Increasing traffic demands, higher levels of automation, and communication enhancements provide novel design opportunities for future air traffic controllers (ATCs). This article presents a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL) controller…

Adaptive User Interfaces (AUI) play a crucial role in modern software applications by dynamically adjusting interface elements to accommodate users' diverse and evolving needs. However, existing adaptation strategies often lack real-time…