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A cryptographic algorithm is proposed based on fully quantum mechanical keys and ciphers. Encryption and decryption are carried out via an appropriate measurement process on entangled states as governed by a quantum mechanical, asymmetrical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Guihua Zeng , Carlos Saavedra , Christoph H. Keitel

In the era of noisy-intermediate-scale quantum computers, we expect to see quantum devices with increasing numbers of qubits emerge in the foreseeable future. To practically run quantum programs, logical qubits have to be mapped to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-22 Will Finigan , Michael Cubeddu , Thomas Lively , Johannes Flick , Prineha Narang

With the rapid advancements in quantum computing, traditional cryptographic schemes like Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) are becoming vulnerable, necessitating the development of quantum-resistant…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Omar Alnaseri , Yassine Himeur , Shadi Atalla , Wathiq Mansoor

Benchmarking the performance of quantum error correction codes in physical systems is crucial for achieving fault-tolerant quantum computing. Current methodologies, such as (shadow) tomography or direct fidelity estimation, fall short in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Junjie Chen , Pei Zeng , Qi Zhao , Xiongfeng Ma , You Zhou

The driving force in the pursuit for quantum computation is the exciting possibility that quantum algorithms can be more efficient than their classical analogues. Research on the subject has unraveled several aspects of how that can happen.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-02-11 Apoorva Patel

Differential cryptanalysis is one of the most popular methods in attacking block ciphers. However, there still some limitations in traditional differential cryptanalysis. On the other hand, researches of quantum algorithms have made great…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-01 Hong-Wei Li , Li Yang

We initiate the systematic study of experimental quantum physics from the perspective of computational complexity. To this end, we define the framework of quantum algorithmic measurements (QUALMs), a hybrid of black box quantum algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-09 Dorit Aharonov , Jordan Cotler , Xiao-Liang Qi

Drug discovery is lengthy and expensive, with traditional computer-aided design facing limits. This paper examines integrating quantum computing across the drug development cycle to accelerate and enhance workflows and rigorous…

Quantum algorithms are demonstrated to outperform classical algorithms for certain problems and thus are promising candidates for efficient information processing. Herein we aim to provide a brief and popular introduction to quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-22 Shihao Zhang , Lvzhou Li

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has finalized the selection of post-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms for use in the era of quantum computing. Despite their integration into TLS protocol for key establishment…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Ben Dong , Qian Wang

We consider unitary dynamical evolutions on n qubits caused by time dependent pair-interaction Hamiltonians and show that the running time of a parallelized two-qubit gate network simulating the evolution is given by the time integral over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-06 Dominik Janzing , Thomas Beth

Quantum optimisation is emerging as a promising approach alongside classical heuristics and specialised hardware, yet its performance is often difficult to assess fairly. Traditional benchmarking methods, rooted in digital complexity…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Frank Phillipson

Quantum algorithm design usually assumes access to a perfect quantum computer with ideal properties like full connectivity, noise-freedom and arbitrarily long coherence time. In Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, however, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-11 Xiangzhen Zhou , Sanjiang Li , Yuan Feng

We study quantum algorithms for spatial search on finite dimensional grids. Patel et al. and Falk have proposed algorithms based on a quantum walk without a coin, with different operators applied at even and odd steps. Until now, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-14 Andris Ambainis , Renato Portugal , Nikolay Nahimov

Quantum search is a quantum mechanical technique for searching N possibilities in only sqrt(N) steps. This has been proved to be the best possible algorithm for the exhuastive search problem in the sense the number of queries it requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Lov K. Grover

Designing quantum neural networks (QNNs) that are both accurate and deployable on NISQ hardware is challenging. Handcrafted ansatze must balance expressivity, trainability, and resource use, while limited qubits often necessitate circuit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Kooshan Maleki , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

A framework is presented for the design and analysis of quantum mechanical algorithms, the sqrt(N) step quantum search algorithm is an immediate consequence of this framework. It leads to several other search-type applications - several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Lov K. Grover

This paper employs a powerful argument, called an algorithmic argument, to prove lower bounds of the quantum query complexity of a multiple-block ordered search problem in which, given a block number i, we are to find a location of a target…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-24 Harumichi Nishimura , Tomoyuki Yamakami

Information Security has become an important issue in modern world as the popularity and infiltration of internet commerce and communication technologies has emerged, making them a prospective medium to the security threats. To surmount…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-05-05 Mansoor Ebrahim , Shujaat Khan , Umer Bin Khalid

Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) is a powerful tool to characterize quantum operations, but it requires considerable resources making it impractical for more than 2-qubit systems. This work proposes an alternative approach that requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-18 Vicente Leyton-Ortega , Tyler Kharazi , Raphael C. Pooser