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It is well known that the approximate distribution of the usual test statistic of a goodness-of-fit test is chi-square, with degrees of freedom equal to the number of categories minus 1 (assuming that no parameters are to be estimated --…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-28 Kris Duszak , Jan Vrbik

We develop a new rank-based approach for univariate two-sample testing in the presence of missing data which makes no assumptions about the missingness mechanism. This approach is a theoretical extension of the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-03-25 Yijin Zeng , Niall M. Adams , Dean A. Bodenham

This paper introduces a new method for testing the statistical significance of estimated parameters in predictive regressions. The approach features a new family of test statistics that are robust to the degree of persistence of the…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-02-04 Jean-Yves Pitarakis

A statistical test can be seen as a procedure to produce a decision based on observed data, where some decisions consist of rejecting a hypothesis (yielding a significant result) and some do not, and where one controls the probability to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-19 Aaron McDaid , Zoltan Kutalik , Valentin Rousson

Factor analysis is over a century old, but it is still problematic to choose the number of factors for a given data set. The scree test is popular but subjective. The best performing objective methods are recommended on the basis of…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-11-12 A. B. Owen , J. Wang

There are over 55 different ways to construct a confidence respectively credible interval (CI) for the binomial proportion. Methods to compare them are necessary to decide which should be used in practice. The interval score has been…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-08 Lisa J. Hofer , Leonhard Held

We propose the use of a simple intuitive principle for measuring algorithmic classification bias: the significance of the differences in a classifier's error rates across the various demographics is inversely commensurate with the sample…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-08 Ioannis Ivrissimtzis , Shauna Concannon , Matthew Houliston , Graham Roberts

Many scientific applications involve testing theories that are only partially specified. This task often amounts to testing the goodness-of-fit of a candidate distribution while allowing for reasonable deviations from it. The tolerant…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-01-28 Lucas Kania , Tudor Manole , Larry Wasserman , Sivaraman Balakrishnan

We consider the problem of testing the equality of conditional distributions of a response variable given a vector of covariates between two populations. Such a hypothesis testing problem can be motivated from various machine learning and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-24 Xiaoyu Hu , Jing Lei

Testing the homogeneity between two samples of functional data is an important task. While this is feasible for intensely measured functional data, we explain why it is challenging for sparsely measured functional data and show what can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-05 Changbo Zhu , Jane-Ling Wang

In this paper a robust version of the classical Wald test statistics for linear hypothesis in the logistic regression model is introduced and its properties are explored. We study the problem under the assumption of random covariates…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-09 Ayandrendanath Basu , Abhik Ghosh , Abhijit Mandal , Nirian Martin , Leandro Pardo

Testing the equality of two proportions is a common procedure in science, especially in medicine and public health. In these domains it is crucial to be able to quantify evidence for the absence of a treatment effect. Bayesian hypothesis…

Statistical data is often analyzed as a contingency table, sometimes with empty cells called zeros. Such sparse tables can be due to scarse observations classified in numerous categories, as for example in genetic association studies. Thus,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-07-28 Audrey Finkler

Statistical data is often analyzed as a contingency table, sometimes with empty cells called zeros. Such sparse tables can be due to scarse observations classified in numerous categories, as for example in genetic association studies. Thus,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-07-28 Audrey Finkler

In this paper, we are testing the symmetry in the distribution of data observed on a random variable. We proposed test statistics using cumulative past and residual extropy of record values based on the characterization developed by Gupta…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-15 Santosh Kumar Chaudhary , Nitin Gupta

It is often necessary to compare the power spectra of two or more time series: one may, for instance, wish to estimate what the power spectrum of the combined data sets might have been, or one may wish to estimate the significance of a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. A. Sturrock , M. S. Wheatland

Hypothesis testing results often rely on simple, yet important assumptions about the behaviour of the distribution of p-values under the null and the alternative. We examine tests for one dimensional parameters of interest that converge to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-06 Yanbo Tang , Radu Craiu , Lei Sun

Negative binomial (NB) regression is a popular method for identifying differentially expressed genes in genomics data, such as bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data. However, NB regression makes stringent parametric and asymptotic…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-01-08 Timothy Barry , Ziang Niu , Eugene Katsevich , Xihong Lin

We consider the structural change in a class of discrete valued time series that the conditional distribution follows a one-parameter exponential family. We propose a change-point test based on the maximum likelihood estimator of the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-01 Mamadou Lamine Diop , William Kengne

Score matching is a vital tool for learning the distribution of data with applications across many areas including diffusion processes, energy based modelling, and graphical model estimation. Despite all these applications, little work…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-03 Josh Givens , Song Liu , Henry W J Reeve