Related papers: What Current Flows Through a Resistor?
Existing investigations of the anomalous Hall effect i.e. a current flowing transverse to the electric field in the absence of an external magnetic field) are concerned with the transport current. However, for many applications one needs to…
Electronic fluids bring into hydrodynamics a new setting: equipotential flow sources embedded inside the fluid. Here we show that nonlocal relation between current and electric field due to momentum-conserving inter-particle collisions…
A general law for electromagnetic induction phenomena is derived from Lorentz force and Maxwell equation connecting electric field and time variation of magnetic field. The derivation provides with a unified mathematical treatment the…
Circulating currents in windings refer to unwanted electrical currents flowing between the parallel conductors of a winding. These currents arise due to several phenomena such as asymmetries, imperfections in the winding layout, and…
The incompressible flow around a circular cylinder, positioned at the center of an unconfined planar counterflow, is studied by means of numerical solutions of the conservation equations and linear stability analysis. The flow is completely…
It is considered that the time derivative of the electric intensity in the Maxwell-Ampere law (displacement current) denotes that a change of electric field generates a magnetic field. This paper shows that there is no reason to think a…
The Landauer-B\"{u}ttiker formula, which characterizes the current flowing through a finite region connected to leads, has significantly advanced our understanding of transport. We extend this formula to describe particle and energy…
For an electron, a spin-1/2 particle, the spin charge $\mathbf{s}$, a real pseudovector with constant length, could determine the spin polarization properties in quantum mechanics. Since spin density $\rho_{\mathbf{s}}$ could be expressed…
The definition of the induced $emf$ as the integral over a closed loop of the Lorentz force acting on a unit positive charge leads immediately to a general law for electromagnetic induction phenomena. The general law is applied to three…
The current flux density is a vector field that can be used to describe theoretically how electrons flow in a system out-of-equilibrium. In this work, we unequivocally demonstrate that the signal obtained from time-resolved X-ray scattering…
The theory of electromagnetic in nature new component of electrical current is suggested. In classical physics approximations for the cases of the free electron plasmas in semi-conductive media, the atom or molecular electrons of liquids…
Application of the generalized continuity equation reveals that the drift current in conductors is equivalent to a negative diffusion current. A phenomenological model of conductivity is developed using the generalized continuity equations.…
The underlying mechanism of unconventional high-temperature superconductivity is a great challenge to condensed matter physics. However, zero dissipation of electric current is the commonness of superconductors whether they are conventional…
Our microscopic understanding of the integer quantum Hall effect is still incomplete. For decades, there has been a controversial discussion about "where the current flows" if the Hall resistance is quantized. Here, we qualitatively analyze…
The role of turbulence in current generation and self-excitation of magnetic fields has been studied in the geometry of a mechanically driven, spherical dynamo experiment, using a three dimensional numerical computation. A simple impeller…
Hydrodynamic electron flow is experimentally observed in the differential resistance of electrostatically defined wires in the two-dimensional electron gas in (Al,Ga)As heterostructures. In these experiments current heating is used to…
Maxwell's equations describe the relation of charge and electric force almost perfectly even though electrons and permanent charge were not in his equations, as he wrote them. For Maxwell, all charge depended on electric field. Charge was…
As documented by textbooks, the teaching of electromagnetic induction in university and high school courses is primarily based on what Feynman labeled as the ``flux rule'', downgrading it from the status of physical law. However, Maxwell…
Viscous electronics is an emerging field dealing with systems in which strongly interacting electrons behave as a fluid. Electron viscous flows are governed by a nonlocal current-field relation which renders the spatial patterns of current…
Advances in fabrication and control of quantum dots allow the realization of metastructures that may exhibit novel electrical transport phenomena. Here, we investigate the electrical current passing through one such metastructure, a system…