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It is well known that adversarial attacks can fool deep neural networks with imperceptible perturbations. Although adversarial training significantly improves model robustness, failure cases of defense still broadly exist. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Boxi Wu , Heng Pan , Li Shen , Jindong Gu , Shuai Zhao , Zhifeng Li , Deng Cai , Xiaofei He , Wei Liu

Text embedding inversion attacks reconstruct original sentences from latent representations, posing severe privacy threats in collaborative inference and edge computing. We propose TextCrafter, an optimization-based adversarial perturbation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Duoxun Tang , Xinhang Jiang , Jiajun Niu

Personalized AI applications such as DreamBooth enable the generation of customized content from user images, but also raise significant privacy concerns, particularly the risk of facial identity leakage. Recent defense mechanisms like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Zhen Chen , Yi Zhang , Xiangyu Yin , Chengxuan Qin , Xingyu Zhao , Xiaowei Huang , Wenjie Ruan

Class incremental learning approaches are useful as they help the model to learn new information (classes) sequentially, while also retaining the previously acquired information (classes). However, it has been shown that such approaches are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Muhammad Umer , Robi Polikar

In security-sensitive applications, the success of machine learning depends on a thorough vetting of their resistance to adversarial data. In one pertinent, well-motivated attack scenario, an adversary may attempt to evade a deployed system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-22 Battista Biggio , Igino Corona , Davide Maiorca , Blaine Nelson , Nedim Srndic , Pavel Laskov , Giorgio Giacinto , Fabio Roli

The landscape of adversarial attacks against text classifiers continues to grow, with new attacks developed every year and many of them available in standard toolkits, such as TextAttack and OpenAttack. In response, there is a growing body…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Zhouhang Xie , Jonathan Brophy , Adam Noack , Wencong You , Kalyani Asthana , Carter Perkins , Sabrina Reis , Sameer Singh , Daniel Lowd

Machine learning classifiers are known to be vulnerable to inputs maliciously constructed by adversaries to force misclassification. Such adversarial examples have been extensively studied in the context of computer vision applications. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Sandy Huang , Nicolas Papernot , Ian Goodfellow , Yan Duan , Pieter Abbeel

As predictive models are increasingly being employed to make consequential decisions, there is a growing emphasis on developing techniques that can provide algorithmic recourse to affected individuals. While such recourses can be immensely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Martin Pawelczyk , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Seth Neel

Machine learning models' goal is to make correct predictions for specific tasks by learning important properties and patterns from data. By doing so, there is a chance that the model learns properties that are unrelated to its primary task.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Mathias P. M. Parisot , Balazs Pejo , Dayana Spagnuelo

Increasing use of ML technologies in privacy-sensitive domains such as medical diagnoses, lifestyle predictions, and business decisions highlights the need to better understand if these ML technologies are introducing leakages of sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Shagufta Mehnaz , Ninghui Li , Elisa Bertino

Privacy concerns have led to the development of privacy-preserving approaches for learning models from sensitive data. Yet, in practice, even models learned with privacy guarantees can inadvertently memorize unique training examples or leak…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-11 Mario Diaz , Peter Kairouz , Jiachun Liao , Lalitha Sankar

Within the realm of privacy-preserving machine learning, empirical privacy defenses have been proposed as a solution to achieve satisfactory levels of training data privacy without a significant drop in model utility. Most existing defenses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Caelin G. Kaplan , Chuan Xu , Othmane Marfoq , Giovanni Neglia , Anderson Santana de Oliveira

The raise of machine learning and deep learning led to significant improvement in several domains. This change is supported by both the dramatic rise in computation power and the collection of large datasets. Such massive datasets often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Hamid Jalalzai , Elie Kadoche , Rémi Leluc , Vincent Plassier

Deep models are highly susceptible to adversarial attacks. Such attacks are carefully crafted imperceptible noises that can fool the network and can cause severe consequences when deployed. To encounter them, the model requires training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Gaurav Kumar Nayak , Ruchit Rawal , Anirban Chakraborty

Empirical defenses for machine learning privacy forgo the provable guarantees of differential privacy in the hope of achieving higher utility while resisting realistic adversaries. We identify severe pitfalls in existing empirical privacy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Michael Aerni , Jie Zhang , Florian Tramèr

Data privacy is an increasingly important aspect of many real-world Data sources that contain sensitive information may have immense potential which could be unlocked using the right privacy enhancing transformations, but current methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-09 John Martinsson , Edvin Listo Zec , Daniel Gillblad , Olof Mogren

Machine learning systems can produce personalized outputs that allow an adversary to infer sensitive input attributes at inference time. We introduce Robust Privacy (RP), an inference-time privacy notion inspired by certified robustness: if…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Jiankai Jin , Xiangzheng Zhang , Zhao Liu , Deyue Zhang , Quanchen Zou

Voice privacy approaches that preserve the anonymity of speakers modify speech in an attempt to break the link with the true identity of the speaker. Current benchmarks measure speaker protection based on signal-to-signal comparisons. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Mehtab Ur Rahman , Martha Larson , Cristian Tejedor-Garcia

Mobile motion sensors such as accelerometers and gyroscopes are now ubiquitously accessible by third-party apps via standard APIs. While enabling rich functionalities like activity recognition and step counting, this openness has also…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tianle Song , Chenhao Lin , Yang Cao , Zhengyu Zhao , Jiahao Sun , Chong Zhang , Le Yang , Chao Shen

There has been a recent surge in adversarial attacks on deep learning based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. These attacks pose new challenges to deep learning security and have raised significant concerns in deploying ASR…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Shehzeen Hussain , Paarth Neekhara , Shlomo Dubnov , Julian McAuley , Farinaz Koushanfar
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