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This review is devoted to the problem of thermalization in a small isolated conglomerate of interacting constituents. A variety of physically important systems of intensive current interest belong to this category: complex atoms, molecules…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-04-18 F. Borgonovi , F. M. Izrailev , L. F. Santos , V. G. Zelevinsky

Time dynamics of isolated many-body quantum systems has long been an elusive subject. Very recently, however, meaningful experimental studies of the problem have finally become possible, stimulating theoretical interest as well. Progress in…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-06-11 Marcos Rigol , Vanja Dunjko , Maxim Olshanii

We investigate the onset of thermalization and quantum chaos in finite one-dimensional gapped systems of hard-core bosons. Integrability in these systems is broken by next-nearest-neighbor repulsive interactions, which also generate a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-07-12 Marcos Rigol , Lea F. Santos

Equilibrium properties of many-body systems with a large number of degrees of freedom are generally expected to be described by statistical mechanics. Such expectations are closely tied to the observation of thermalization, as manifested…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2025-08-08 Yulong Qiao , Frank Großmann , Peter Schlagheck , Gabriel M. Lando

We extend the results of two of our papers [Phys. Rev. A 94, 041603R (2016) and Phys. Rev. B 97, 060303R (2018)] that touch upon the intimately connected topics of quantum chaos and thermalization. In the first, we argued that when the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-03-27 E. Jonathan Torres-Herrera , Lea F. Santos

This chapter discusses the conditions and timescales under which isolated many-body quantum systems, initially far from equilibrium, ultimately reach thermal equilibrium. We also examine quantities that, during the relaxation process,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-04-16 Isaías Vallejo-Fabila , Lea F. Santos

Chaos and ergodicity are the cornerstones of statistical physics and thermodynamics. While classically even small systems like a particle in a two-dimensional cavity, can exhibit chaotic behavior and thereby relax to a microcanonical…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2017-07-19 Anatoli Polkovnikov , Dries Sels

The approach to thermal equilibrium, or thermalization, in isolated quantum systems is among the most fundamental problems in statistical physics. Recent theoretical studies have revealed that thermalization in isolated quantum systems has…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-05-23 Takashi Mori , Tatsuhiko N. Ikeda , Eriko Kaminishi , Masahito Ueda

The concept of entropy is fundamental to thermalization, yet appears at odds with basic principles in quantum mechanics. Statistical mechanics relies on the maximization of entropy for a system at thermal equilibrium. However, an isolated…

Exactly solvable models that exhibit quantum signatures of classical chaos are both rare as well as important - more so in view of the fact that the mechanisms for ergodic behavior and thermalization in isolated quantum systems and its…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-06-26 Shruti Dogra , Vaibhav Madhok , Arul Lakshminarayan

Quantum error correction, thermalization, and quantum chaos are fundamental aspects of quantum many-body physics that have each developed largely independently, despite their deep conceptual overlap. In this work, we establish a precise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-31 Shozab Qasim , Jason Pollack

In this review the problem of statistical description of isolated quantum systems of interacting particles is discussed. Main attention is paid to a recently developed approach which is based on chaotic properties of compound states in the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 F. M. Izrailev

Thermalization of an isolated quantum system has been a nontrivial problem since the early days of quantum mechanics. In generic isolated quantum systems, nonequilibrium dynamics is expected to result in thermalization, indicating the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-22 Tanmay Saha , Pratik Ghosal , Pratapaditya Bej , Abhishek Banerjee , Prasenjit Deb

Quantum chaos is presented as a paradigm of information processing by dynamical systems at the bottom of the range of phase-space scales. Starting with a brief review of classical chaos as entropy flow from micro- to macro-scales, I argue…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Thomas Dittrich

A profound quest of statistical mechanics is the origin of irreversibility - the arrow of time. New stimulants have been provided, thanks to unprecedented degree of control reached in experiments with isolated quantum systems and rapid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-28 Chushun Tian , Kun Yang , Jiao Wang

We show that the known bound on the growth rate of the out-of-time-order four-point correlator in chaotic many-body quantum systems follows directly from the general structure of operator matrix elements in systems that obey the eigenstate…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-12-11 Chaitanya Murthy , Mark Srednicki

A quantum dynamical model of two interacting spins, with chaotic and regular components, is investigated using a finite two-particles symmetrized basis. Chaotic eigenstates give rise to an equilibrium occupation number distribution in close…

chao-dyn · Physics 2019-08-17 F. Borgonovi , I. Guarneri , F. M. Izrailev , G. Casati

Understanding the emergence of chaos in many-body quantum systems away from semi-classical limits, particularly in spatially local interacting spin Hamiltonians, has been a long-standing problem. In these intrinsically quantum regimes,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-01-24 Christopher M. Langlett , Cheryne Jonay , Vedika Khemani , Joaquin F. Rodriguez-Nieva

Based on the view that thermal equilibrium should be characterized through macroscopic observations, we develop a general theory about typicality of thermal equilibrium and the approach to thermal equilibrium in macroscopic quantum systems.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-08-02 Hal Tasaki

In this talk, we discuss real-time thermalization dynamics of $\mathbf{Z}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory in 2+1 spacetime dimensions. While classical thermalization is commonly associated with chaotic behavior, turbulence and universality, the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2021-11-03 Niklas Mueller , Torsten V. Zache , Robert Ott
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