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Contrastive learning has been widely studied in sentence representation learning. However, earlier works mainly focus on the construction of positive examples, while in-batch samples are often simply treated as negative examples. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Jinghao Deng , Fanqi Wan , Tao Yang , Xiaojun Quan , Rui Wang

Neural networks have changed the way machines interpret the world. At their core, they learn by following gradients, adjusting their parameters step by step until they identify the most discriminant patterns in the data. This process gives…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Samarup Bhattacharya , Anubhab Bhattacharya , Abir Chakraborty

In recent years, contrastive learning achieves impressive results on self-supervised visual representation learning, but there still lacks a rigorous understanding of its learning dynamics. In this paper, we show that if we cast a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yifei Wang , Qi Zhang , Tianqi Du , Jiansheng Yang , Zhouchen Lin , Yisen Wang

Fine-grained word meaning resolution remains a critical challenge for neural language models (NLMs) as they often overfit to global sentence representations, failing to capture local semantic details. We propose a novel adversarial training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Jader Martins Camboim de Sá , Jooyoung Lee , Cédric Pruski , Marcos Da Silveira

Deep learning based systems are susceptible to adversarial attacks, where a small, imperceptible change at the input alters the model prediction. However, to date the majority of the approaches to detect these attacks have been designed for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Vyas Raina , Mark Gales

We introduce a simple neural encoder architecture that can be trained using an unsupervised contrastive learning objective which gets its positive samples from data-augmented k-Nearest Neighbors search. We show that when built on top of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Robin Algayres , Adel Nabli , Benoit Sagot , Emmanuel Dupoux

Contrastive learning has become a new paradigm for unsupervised sentence embeddings. Previous studies focus on instance-wise contrastive learning, attempting to construct positive pairs with textual data augmentation. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Jiali Zeng , Yongjing Yin , Yufan Jiang , Shuangzhi Wu , Yunbo Cao

A lot of recent advances in unsupervised feature learning are based on designing features which are invariant under semantic data augmentations. A common way to do this is contrastive learning, which uses positive and negative samples. Some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Ashwini Pokle , Jinjin Tian , Yuchen Li , Andrej Risteski

Training dense passage representations via contrastive learning has been shown effective for Open-Domain Passage Retrieval (ODPR). Existing studies focus on further optimizing by improving negative sampling strategy or extra pretraining.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Bohong Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Jinyuan Wang , Hai Zhao

Graph anomaly detection is a popular and vital task in various real-world scenarios, which has been studied for several decades. Recently, many studies extending deep learning-based methods have shown preferable performance on graph anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jing Ren , Mingliang Hou , Zhixuan Liu , Xiaomei Bai

Representation learning of textual networks poses a significant challenge as it involves capturing amalgamated information from two modalities: (i) underlying network structure, and (ii) node textual attributes. For this, most existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Tony Gracious , Ambedkar Dukkipati

World models trained by contrastive learning are a compelling alternative to autoencoder-based world models, which learn by reconstructing pixel states. In this paper, we describe three cases where small changes in how we sample negative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Ondrej Biza , Elise van der Pol , Thomas Kipf

Conventional approaches to learning on graphs involve message passing along existing (i.e., positive) edges to update node features. However, these approaches often disregard the potentially valuable information contained in the absence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Peter Pao-Huang , Charilaos I. Kanatsoulis , Michael Bereket , Jure Leskovec

Contrastive learning based on instance discrimination trains model to discriminate different transformations of the anchor sample from other samples, which does not consider the semantic similarity among samples. This paper proposes a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Hao Li , Xiaopeng Zhang , Hongkai Xiong

Standard test sets for supervised learning evaluate in-distribution generalization. Unfortunately, when a dataset has systematic gaps (e.g., annotation artifacts), these evaluations are misleading: a model can learn simple decision rules…

Recent self-supervised contrastive methods have been able to produce impressive transferable visual representations by learning to be invariant to different data augmentations. However, these methods implicitly assume a particular set of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Tete Xiao , Xiaolong Wang , Alexei A. Efros , Trevor Darrell

Recently, contrastive self-supervised learning has become a key component for learning visual representations across many computer vision tasks and benchmarks. However, contrastive learning in the context of domain adaptation remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Mamatha Thota , Georgios Leontidis

The robustness of neural networks to intended perturbations has recently attracted significant attention. In this paper, we propose a new method, \emph{learning with a strong adversary}, that learns robust classifiers from supervised data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-19 Ruitong Huang , Bing Xu , Dale Schuurmans , Csaba Szepesvari

Knowledge graphs are large, useful, but incomplete knowledge repositories. They encode knowledge through entities and relations which define each other through the connective structure of the graph. This has inspired methods for the joint…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Bhushan Kotnis , Vivi Nastase

Recently, contrastive learning has been shown to be effective in improving pre-trained language models (PLM) to derive high-quality sentence representations. It aims to pull close positive examples to enhance the alignment while push apart…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Kun Zhou , Beichen Zhang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen
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