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RRAM crossbars have been studied to construct in-memory accelerators for neural network applications due to their in-situ computing capability. However, prior RRAM-based accelerators show efficiency degradation when executing the popular…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Yifeng Zhai , Bing Li , Bonan Yan , Jing Wang

In this paper, we present a unified FPGA based electrical test-bench for characterizing different emerging NonVolatile Memory (NVM) chips. In particular, we present detailed electrical characterization and benchmarking of multiple…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Supriya Chakraborty , Abhishek Gupta , Manan Suri

As one of the most promising emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) technologies, spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) has attracted significant research attention due to several features such as high density, zero…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Lizhou Wu , Mottaqiallah Taouil , Siddharth Rao , Erik Jan Marinissen , Said Hamdioui

With the widespread use of deep neural networks(DNNs) in intelligent systems, DNN accelerators with high performance and energy efficiency are greatly demanded. As one of the feasible processing-in-memory(PIM) architectures,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Junpeng Wang , Mengke Ge , Bo Ding , Qi Xu , Song Chen , Yi Kang

This paper summarizes the idea of Adaptive-Latency DRAM (AL-DRAM), which was published in HPCA 2015, and examines the work's significance and future potential. AL-DRAM is a mechanism that optimizes DRAM latency based on the DRAM module and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2018-05-09 Donghyuk Lee , Yoongu Kim , Gennady Pekhimenko , Samira Khan , Vivek Seshadri , Kevin Chang , Onur Mutlu

Silent Data Corruption (SDC) can have negative impact on large-scale infrastructure services. SDCs are not captured by error reporting mechanisms within a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and hence are not traceable at the hardware level.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Harish Dattatraya Dixit , Sneha Pendharkar , Matt Beadon , Chris Mason , Tejasvi Chakravarthy , Bharath Muthiah , Sriram Sankar

Transformers have become the backbone of neural network architecture for most machine learning applications. Their widespread use has resulted in multiple efforts on accelerating attention, the basic building block of transformers. This…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Dong Eun Kim , Tanvi Sharma , Kaushik Roy

Nowadays artificial neural network models achieve remarkable results in many disciplines. Functions mapping the representation provided by the model to the probability distribution are the inseparable aspect of deep learning solutions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Klaudia Bałazy , Łukasz Struski , Marek Śmieja , Jacek Tabor

As the complexity of the scan algorithm is dependent on the number of design registers, large SoC scan designs can no longer be verified in RTL simulation unless partitioned into smaller sub-blocks. This paper proposes a methodology to…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-09-12 Bill Jason Tomas , Yingtao Jiang , Mei Yang

We describe verification techniques for embedded memory systems using efficient memory modeling (EMM), without explicitly modeling each memory bit. We extend our previously proposed approach of EMM in Bounded Model Checking (BMC) for a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Malay K. Ganai , Aarti Gupta , Pranav Ashar

Scan and ring schemes of the pseudo-ring memory selftesting are investigated. Both schemes are based on emulation of the linear or nonlinear feedback shift register by memory itself. Peculiarities of the pseudo-ring schemes implementation…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2011-06-21 Diana Bodean , Ghenadie Bodean , Wajeb Gharibi

Deep neural network (DNN) inference using reduced integer precision has been shown to achieve significant improvements in memory utilization and compute throughput with little or no accuracy loss compared to full-precision floating-point.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Yuzong Chen , Mohamed S. Abdelfattah

On a commercial digital still camera (DSC) controller chip we practice a novel SOC test integration platform, solving real problems in test scheduling, test IO reduction, timing of functional test, scan IO sharing, embedded memory built-in…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Cheng-Wen Wu

Over the past two decades, the storage capacity and access bandwidth of main memory have improved tremendously, by 128x and 20x, respectively. These improvements are mainly due to the continuous technology scaling of DRAM (dynamic…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2017-12-25 Kevin K. Chang

Today's data centers consist of thousands of network-connected hosts, each with CPUs and accelerators such as GPUs and FPGAs. These hosts also contain network interface cards (NICs), operating at speeds of 100Gb/s or higher, that are used…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Guanwen Zhong , Aditya Kolekar , Burin Amornpaisannon , Inho Choi , Haris Javaid , Mario Baldi

Resistive Random-Access Memory (ReRAM) crossbar arrays are promising candidates for in-situ matrix-vector multiplication (MVM), a frequent operation in Deep Learning algorithms. Despite their advantages, these emerging non-volatile memories…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Benyamin Khezeli , Hamid Reza Zarandi , Elham Cheshmikhani

The integration of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) into cloud computing systems has become commonplace. As the operating systems used to manage these systems evolve, special consideration must be given to DRAM devices accessible by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Zhehang Zhang , Bharadwaj Madabhushi , Sandip Kundu , Russell Tessier

I/O latency and throughput is one of the major performance bottlenecks for disk-based database systems. Upcoming persistent memory (PMem) technologies, like Intel's Optane DC Persistent Memory Modules, promise to bridge the gap between…

Databases · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Alexander van Renen , Lukas Vogel , Viktor Leis , Thomas Neumann , Alfons Kemper

Dedicated hardware implementations of spiking neural networks that combine the advantages of mixed-signal neuromorphic circuits with those of emerging memory technologies have the potential of enabling ultra-low power pervasive sensory…

Our goal in this dissertation is to provide tools, programming models, and system support for PIM architectures (with a focus on DRAM-based solutions), to ease the adoption of PIM in current and future systems. To this end, we make at least…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Geraldo F. Oliveira