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We propose a large language model based reward decomposition framework for aligning dialogue agents using only a single session-level feedback signal. We leverage the reasoning capabilities of a frozen, pretrained large language model (LLM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Dong Won Lee , Hae Won Park , Cynthia Breazeal , Louis-Philippe Morency

Spurred by recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), virtual assistants are poised to take a leap forward in terms of their dialogue capabilities. Yet a major bottleneck to achieving genuinely transformative task-oriented dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Joe Stacey , Jianpeng Cheng , John Torr , Tristan Guigue , Joris Driesen , Alexandru Coca , Mark Gaynor , Anders Johannsen

Personalized dialogue generation aims to leverage persona profiles and dialogue history to generate persona-relevant and consistent responses. Mainstream models typically rely on token-level language model training with persona dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Guanrong Li , Xinyu Liu , Zhen Wu , Xinyu Dai

End-to-end spoken dialogue models have garnered significant attention because they offer a higher potential ceiling in expressiveness and perceptual ability than cascaded systems. However, the intelligence and expressiveness of current…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yifu Chen , Shengpeng Ji , Qian Chen , Tianle Liang , Yangzhuo Li , Ziqing Wang , Wen Wang , Jingyu Lu , Haoxiao Wang , Xueyi Pu , Fan Zhuo , Zhou Zhao

Conversational interfaces increasingly rely on human-like dialogue to offer a natural experience. However, relying on dialogue involving multiple exchanges for even simple tasks can overburden users, particularly older adults. In this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Yaxin Hu , Yuxiao Qu , Adam Maus , Bilge Mutlu

While textless Spoken Language Models (SLMs) have shown potential in end-to-end speech-to-speech modeling, they still lag behind text-based Large Language Models (LLMs) in terms of semantic coherence and relevance. This work introduces the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Guan-Ting Lin , Prashanth Gurunath Shivakumar , Aditya Gourav , Yile Gu , Ankur Gandhe , Hung-yi Lee , Ivan Bulyko

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated the ability to improve human efficiency through conversational interactions. Conventional LLM-powered dialogue systems, operating on a turn-based paradigm, preclude real-time interaction during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Wang Xu , Shuo Wang , Weilin Zhao , Xu Han , Yukun Yan , Yudi Zhang , Zhe Tao , Zhiyuan Liu , Wanxiang Che

Although recent neural conversation models have shown great potential, they often generate bland and generic responses. While various approaches have been explored to diversify the output of the conversation model, the improvement often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Xiang Gao , Sungjin Lee , Yizhe Zhang , Chris Brockett , Michel Galley , Jianfeng Gao , Bill Dolan

Most research on dialogue has focused either on dialogue generation for openended chit chat or on state tracking for goal-directed dialogue. In this work, we explore a hybrid approach to goal-oriented dialogue generation that combines…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Ana Valeria Gonzalez , Isabelle Augenstein , Anders Søgaard

In recent years, the generation of conversation content based on deep neural networks has attracted many researchers. However, traditional neural language models tend to generate general replies, lacking logical and emotional factors. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Jia Li , Xiao Sun , Xing Wei , Changliang Li , Jianhua Tao

Open domain dialog systems face the challenge of being repetitive and producing generic responses. In this paper, we demonstrate that by conditioning the response generation on interpretable discrete dialog attributes and composed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Chinnadhurai Sankar , Sujith Ravi

Nowadays, the current neural network models of dialogue generation(chatbots) show great promise for generating answers for chatty agents. But they are short-sighted in that they predict utterances one at a time while disregarding their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Jabri Ismail , Aboulbichr Ahmed , El ouaazizi Aziza

Attention-based recurrent neural encoder-decoder models present an elegant solution to the automatic speech recognition problem. This approach folds the acoustic model, pronunciation model, and language model into a single network and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-08 Shubham Toshniwal , Anjuli Kannan , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Yonghui Wu , Tara N Sainath , Karen Livescu

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have marked a huge leap in neural dialogue modeling. While PLMs are pre-trained on large-scale text corpora, they are usually fine-tuned on scarce dialogue data with specific domain knowledge and dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Xiaodong Gu , Kang Min Yoo , Sang-Woo Lee

Mechanisms for continued self-improvement of language models without external supervision remain an open challenge. We propose Peer-Predictive Self-Training (PST), a label-free fine-tuning framework in which multiple language models improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Shi Feng , Hanlin Zhang , Fan Nie , Sham Kakade , Yiling Chen

Researches on dialogue empathy aim to endow an agent with the capacity of accurate understanding and proper responding for emotions. Existing models for empathetic dialogue generation focus on the emotion flow in one direction, that is,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Lei Shen , Jinchao Zhang , Jiao Ou , Xiaofang Zhao , Jie Zhou

The powerful generative abilities of large language models (LLMs) show potential in generating relevance labels for search applications. Previous work has found that directly asking about relevancy, such as ``How relevant is document A to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Le Yan , Zhen Qin , Honglei Zhuang , Rolf Jagerman , Xuanhui Wang , Michael Bendersky , Harrie Oosterhuis

We investigate whether pre-training exclusively on dialogue data results in formally and functionally apt small language models. Based on this pre-trained llamalogue model, we employ a variety of fine-tuning strategies to enforce "more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Francesca Padovani , Bastian Bunzeck , Manar Ali , Omar Momen , Arianna Bisazza , Hendrik Buschmeier , Sina Zarrieß

Building dialogue systems requires a large corpus of annotated dialogues. Such datasets are usually created via crowdsourcing, which is expensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we propose \textsc{Dialogic}, a novel dialogue simulation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Zekun Li , Wenhu Chen , Shiyang Li , Hong Wang , Jing Qian , Xifeng Yan

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a common method to enhance the tool calling capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), with the training data often being synthesized. The current data synthesis process generally involves sampling a set…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zezhong Wang , Xingshan Zeng , Weiwen Liu , Liangyou Li , Yasheng Wang , Lifeng Shang , Xin Jiang , Qun Liu , Kam-Fai Wong