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Gradient descent algorithm is the most utilized method when optimizing machine learning issues. However, there exists many local minimums and saddle points in the loss function, especially for high dimensional non-convex optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Zhicheng Cai

We present a convergence rate analysis for biased stochastic gradient descent (SGD), where individual gradient updates are corrupted by computation errors. We develop stochastic quadratic constraints to formulate a small linear matrix…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Bin Hu , Peter Seiler , Laurent Lessard

This paper introduces two variational inference approaches for infinite-dimensional inverse problems, developed through gradient descent with a constant learning rate. The proposed methods enable efficient approximate sampling from the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Jiaming Sui , Junxiong Jia , Jinglai Li

We propose an algorithm for the adaptation of the learning rate for stochastic gradient descent (SGD) that avoids the need for validation set use. The idea for the adaptiveness comes from the technique of extrapolation: to get an estimate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-08-28 Antti Koskela , Antti Honkela

In this work, we propose a stochastic gradient descent (SGD) framework to design data-driven policy gradient descent algorithms for the linear quadratic regulator problem. Two alternative schemes are considered to estimate the policy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Bowen Song , Simon Weissmann , Mathias Staudigl , Andrea Iannelli

We develop a new continuous-time stochastic gradient descent method for optimizing over the stationary distribution of stochastic differential equation (SDE) models. The algorithm continuously updates the SDE model's parameters using an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Ziheng Wang , Justin Sirignano

Most commonly used distributed machine learning systems are either synchronous or centralized asynchronous. Synchronous algorithms like AllReduce-SGD perform poorly in a heterogeneous environment, while asynchronous algorithms using a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-26 Xiangru Lian , Wei Zhang , Ce Zhang , Ji Liu

The diffusion approximation of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in current literature is only valid on a finite time interval. In this paper, we establish the uniform-in-time diffusion approximation of SGD, by only assuming that the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-12 Lei Li , Yuliang Wang

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a workhorse in machine learning, yet its slow convergence can be a computational bottleneck. Variance reduction techniques such as SAG, SVRG and SAGA have been proposed to overcome this weakness,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-02-29 Thomas Hofmann , Aurelien Lucchi , Simon Lacoste-Julien , Brian McWilliams

The learning rate is an important tuning parameter for stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and can greatly influence its performance. However, appropriate selection of a learning rate schedule across all iterations typically requires a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Nikola Surjanovic , Alexandre Bouchard-Côté , Trevor Campbell

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a central tool in machine learning. We prove that SGD converges to zero loss, even with a fixed (non-vanishing) learning rate - in the special case of homogeneous linear classifiers with smooth monotone…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-04-19 Mor Shpigel Nacson , Nathan Srebro , Daniel Soudry

We describe an asynchronous parallel stochastic proximal coordinate descent algorithm for minimizing a composite objective function, which consists of a smooth convex function plus a separable convex function. In contrast to previous…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-12-14 Ji Liu , Stephen J. Wright

One of the most common methods to train machine learning algorithms today is the stochastic gradient descent (SGD). In a distributed setting, SGD-based algorithms have been shown to converge theoretically under specific circumstances. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Soumya Sarkar , Shweta Jain

We propose an optimization method for minimizing the finite sums of smooth convex functions. Our method incorporates an accelerated gradient descent (AGD) and a stochastic variance reduction gradient (SVRG) in a mini-batch setting. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-06-11 Atsushi Nitanda

Neural networks are usually trained by some form of stochastic gradient descent (SGD)). A number of strategies are in common use intended to improve SGD optimization, such as learning rate schedules, momentum, and batching. These are…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-08-13 Thomas M. Breuel

Stochastic gradient decent~(SGD) and its variants, including some accelerated variants, have become popular for training in machine learning. However, in all existing SGD and its variants, the sample size in each iteration~(epoch) of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-09-18 Shen-Yi Zhao , Hao Gao , Wu-Jun Li

Adaptive gradient methods, especially Adam-type methods (such as Adam, AMSGrad, and AdaBound), have been proposed to speed up the training process with an element-wise scaling term on learning rates. However, they often generalize poorly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Zhou Shao , Tong Lin

Stochastic gradient descent is a canonical tool for addressing stochastic optimization problems, and forms the bedrock of modern machine learning and statistics. In this work, we seek to balance the fact that attenuating step-size is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-10 Zhan Gao , Alec Koppel , Alejandro Ribeiro

With the vigorous development of artificial intelligence technology, various engineering technology applications have been implemented one after another. The gradient descent method plays an important role in solving various optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Jinhuan Duan , Xianxian Li , Shiqi Gao , Jinyan Wang , Zili Zhong

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) or stochastic approximation has been widely used in model training and stochastic optimization. While there is a huge literature on analyzing its convergence, inference on the obtained solutions from SGD…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-01 Henry Lam , Zitong Wang