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Related papers: Online normalizer calculation for softmax

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Current online learning methods suffer issues such as lower convergence rates and limited capability to select important features compared to their offline counterparts. In this paper, a novel framework for online learning based on running…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-15 Lizhe Sun , Mingyuan Wang , Siquan Zhu , Adrian Barbu

In replay-based methods for continual learning, replaying input samples in episodic memory has shown its effectiveness in alleviating catastrophic forgetting. However, the potential key factor of cross-entropy loss with softmax in causing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hoyong Kim , Minchan Kwon , Kangil Kim

We introduce the smoothed analysis of algorithms, which is a hybrid of the worst-case and average-case analysis of algorithms. In smoothed analysis, we measure the maximum over inputs of the expected performance of an algorithm under small…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-25 Daniel A. Spielman , Shang-Hua Teng

In this paper, we utilize results from convex analysis and monotone operator theory to derive additional properties of the softmax function that have not yet been covered in the existing literature. In particular, we show that the softmax…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-08-23 Bolin Gao , Lacra Pavel

A distributed consensus algorithm for estimating the maximum value of the initial measurements in a sensor network with communication noise is proposed. In the absence of communication noise, max estimation can be done by updating the state…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Sai Zhang , Cihan Tepedelenlioglu , Mahesh K. Banavar , Andreas Spanias

Black-box complexity studies lower bounds for the efficiency of general-purpose black-box optimization algorithms such as evolutionary algorithms and other search heuristics. Different models exist, each one being designed to analyze a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-09-11 Carola Doerr , Johannes Lengler

We systematically explored a spectrum of normalization algorithms related to Batch Normalization (BN) and propose a generalized formulation that simultaneously solves two major limitations of BN: (1) online learning and (2) recurrent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-10-20 Qianli Liao , Kenji Kawaguchi , Tomaso Poggio

We present squareplus, an activation function that resembles softplus, but which can be computed using only algebraic operations: addition, multiplication, and square-root. Because squareplus is ~6x faster to evaluate than softplus on a CPU…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Jonathan T. Barron

As power management has become a primary concern in modern data centers, computing resources are being scaled dynamically to minimize energy consumption. We initiate the study of a variant of the classic online speed scaling problem, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Étienne Bamas , Andreas Maggiori , Lars Rohwedder , Ola Svensson

In reinforcement learning, robust policies for high-stakes decision-making problems with limited data are usually computed by optimizing the percentile criterion, which minimizes the probability of a catastrophic failure. Unfortunately,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Elita A. Lobo , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Marek Petrik

Softmax classifiers with a very large number of classes naturally occur in many applications such as natural language processing and information retrieval. The calculation of full softmax is costly from the computational and energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-30 Shabnam Daghaghi , Tharun Medini , Nicholas Meisburger , Beidi Chen , Mengnan Zhao , Anshumali Shrivastava

We illustrate the detrimental effect, such as overconfident decisions, that exponential behavior can have in methods like classical LDA and logistic regression. We then show how polynomiality can remedy the situation. This, among others,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Ziqi Wang , Marco Loog

The impact of softmax on the value function itself in reinforcement learning (RL) is often viewed as problematic because it leads to sub-optimal value (or Q) functions and interferes with the contraction properties of the Bellman operator.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-21 Zhao Song , Ronald E. Parr , Lawrence Carin

Numerous models for supervised and reinforcement learning benefit from combinations of discrete and continuous model components. End-to-end learnable discrete-continuous models are compositional, tend to generalize better, and are more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 David Friede , Mathias Niepert

Value function estimation is an important task in reinforcement learning, i.e., prediction. The Boltzmann softmax operator is a natural value estimator and can provide several benefits. However, it does not satisfy the non-expansion…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Ling Pan , Qingpeng Cai , Qi Meng , Wei Chen , Longbo Huang , Tie-Yan Liu

Given the rapid rise in energy demand by data centers and computing systems in general, it is fundamental to incorporate energy considerations when designing (scheduling) algorithms. Machine learning can be a useful approach in practice by…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Antonios Antoniadis , Peyman Jabbarzade Ganje , Golnoosh Shahkarami

Since traditional tokenizers are isolated from a downstream task and model, they cannot output an appropriate tokenization depending on the task and model, although recent studies imply that the appropriate tokenization improves the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Tatsuya Hiraoka , Sho Takase , Kei Uchiumi , Atsushi Keyaki , Naoaki Okazaki

To mitigate the problem of having to traverse over the full vocabulary in the softmax normalization of a neural language model, sampling-based training criteria are proposed and investigated in the context of large vocabulary word-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Zijian Yang , Yingbo Gao , Alexander Gerstenberger , Jintao Jiang , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney

Algorithmic generalization in machine learning refers to the ability to learn the underlying algorithm that generates data in a way that generalizes out-of-distribution. This is generally considered a difficult task for most machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Simon Ouellette , Rolf Pfister , Hansueli Jud

The Softmax loss is one of the most widely employed surrogate objectives for classification and ranking tasks. To elucidate its theoretical properties, the Fenchel-Young framework situates it as a canonical instance within a broad family of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Yuanhao Pu , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen