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Current satellite precipitation retrievals like GPROF assume that brightness temperature is sufficient to constrain rainfall. This information, however, often represents multiple rain states, resulting in rainfall estimate uncertainties.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-10-23 Eric Goldenstern , Christian Kummerow

Principal component analysis (PCA) is perhaps the most widely used method for data dimensionality reduction. A key question in PCA is deciding how many factors to retain. This manuscript describes a new approach to automatically selecting…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-10 Enes Makalic , Daniel F. Schmidt

Forecasting a particular variable can depend upon temporal or spatial scale. Temporal variations that indicate variations with time, reflect the stochasticity present in the variable. Spatial variation usually are dominant in climatology…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-07 Harsh S. Dhiman , Dipankar Deb

We present a study aimed at understanding the physical phenomena underlying the formation and evolution of galaxies following a data-driven analysis of spectroscopic data based on the variance in a carefully selected sample. We apply…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-09-08 Zahra Sharbaf , Ignacio Ferreras , Ofer Lahav

Precipitation prediction plays a crucial role in modern agriculture and industry. However, it poses significant challenges due to the diverse patterns and dynamics in time and space, as well as the scarcity of high precipitation events. To…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-19 Xinzhe Li , Sun Rui , Yiming Niu , Yao Liu

Probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) seeks a low dimensional representation of a data set in the presence of independent spherical Gaussian noise, Sigma = (sigma^2)*I. The maximum likelihood solution for the model is an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-06-23 Alfredo A. Kalaitzis , Neil D. Lawrence

There are nowadays a huge load of publications about dengue epidemic models, which mostly employ deterministic differential equations. The analytical properties of deterministic models are always of particular interest by many experts, but…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-11-15 Karunia Putra Wijaya , Thomas Goetz

Extreme precipitation shows non-stationary behavior over time, but also with respect to other large-scale variables. While this effect is often neglected, we propose a model including the influence of North Atlantic Oscillation, time,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Felix S. Fauer , Henning W. Rust

Dynamical downscaling with high-resolution regional climate models may offer the possibility of realistically reproducing precipitation and weather events in climate simulations. As resolutions fall to order kilometers, the use of explicit…

Applications · Statistics 2018-08-01 Won Chang , Jiali Wang , Julian Marohnic , Rao Kotamarthi , Elisabeth J. Moyer

In the infrared and visible bandpass, optical propagation theory conventionally assumes that humidity does not contribute to the effects of atmospheric turbulence on optical beams. While this assumption may be reasonable for dry locations,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Mark P. J. L. Chang , Carlos O. Font , G. Charmaine Gilbreath , Eun Oh

We study the asymptotic behavior of the marginal expected shortfall when the two random variables are asymptotic independent but positive associated, which is modeled by the so-called tail dependent coefficient. We construct an estimator of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-09-14 Juan-Juan Cai , Eni Musta

Context. See abstract in the paper. Aims. See abstract in the paper. Methods. See abstract in the paper. Results. We present a homogeneous study of model atmosphere temperature structure, energy distribution, photometric indices in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 S. A. Khan , D. V. Shulyak

Atmospheric water vapor is the main limiting factor of atmospheric transparency in the mm and submm wavelength spectral windows. Thus, dry sites are needed for the installation and successful operation of radio astronomy observatories…

Optical flow estimation in the rainy scenes is challenging due to background degradation introduced by rain streaks and rain accumulation effects in the scene. Rain accumulation effect refers to poor visibility of remote objects due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Ruoteng Li , Robby T. Tan , Loong-Fah Cheong

Present paper examines the dependency of ambient parameters such as humidity, and turbulence to determine the conditions on raindrop formation with the help of a self-designed cloud chamber. The research methods are experimental and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-08-04 Ridhesh Goti , Bhashin Thakore , Rohit Srivastava

We introduce Causal Program Dependence Analysis (CPDA), a dynamic dependence analysis that applies causal inference to model the strength of program dependence relations in a continuous space. CPDA observes the association between program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Seongmin Lee , Dave Binkley , Robert Feldt , Nicolas Gold , Shin Yoo

Precipitation is one of the most important meteorological variables for defining the climate dynamics, but the spatial patterns of precipitation have not been fully investigated yet. The complex network theory, which provides a robust tool…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2013-08-22 Stefania Scarsoglio , Francesco Laio , Luca Ridolfi

In order to trust the predictions of a machine learning algorithm, it is necessary to understand the factors that contribute to those predictions. In the case of probabilistic and uncertainty-aware models, it is necessary to understand not…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-08-19 Danny Wood , Theodore Papamarkou , Matt Benatan , Richard Allmendinger

For multivariate regularly random vectors of dimension $d$, the dependence structure of the extremes is modeled by the so-called angular measure. When the dimension $d$ is high, estimating the angular measure is challenging because of its…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-29 Lucas Butsch , Vicky Fasen-Hartmann

The research paper addresses linear decomposition of time series of non-additive metrics that allows for the identification and interpretation of contributing factors (input features) of variance. Non-additive metrics, such as ratios, are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Alex Glushkovsky