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Partial multi-label learning aims to extract knowledge from incompletely annotated data, which includes known correct labels, known incorrect labels, and unknown labels. The core challenge lies in accurately identifying the ambiguous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Xin Wu , Fei Teng , Yue Feng , Kaibo Shi , Zhuosheng Lin , Ji Zhang , James Wang

In this work, we formulate \textbf{T}ext \textbf{C}lassification as a \textbf{M}atching problem between the text and the labels, and propose a simple yet effective framework named TCM. Compared with previous text classification approaches,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Yi Song , Yuxian Gu , Minlie Huang

The task of multi-label learning is to predict a set of relevant labels for the unseen instance. Traditional multi-label learning algorithms treat each class label as a logical indicator of whether the corresponding label is relevant or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-17 Ruifeng Shao , Ning Xu , Xin Geng

Class imbalance is an intrinsic characteristic of multi-label data. Most of the labels in multi-label data sets are associated with a small number of training examples, much smaller compared to the size of the data set. Class imbalance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Bin Liu , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Multi-label image recognition with partial labels (MLR-PL) is designed to train models using a mix of known and unknown labels. Traditional methods rely on semantic or feature correlations to create pseudo-labels for unidentified labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Haoxian Ruan , Zhihua Xu , Zhijing Yang , Guang Ma , Jieming Xie , Changxiang Fan , Tianshui Chen

Learning algorithms normally assume that there is at most one annotation or label per data point. However, in some scenarios, such as medical diagnosis and on-line collaboration,multiple annotations may be available. In either case,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-03-19 Yan Yan , Romer Rosales , Glenn Fung , Jennifer Dy

The task of multi-label image recognition is to predict a set of object labels that present in an image. As objects normally co-occur in an image, it is desirable to model the label dependencies to improve the recognition performance. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Zhao-Min Chen , Xiu-Shen Wei , Peng Wang , Yanwen Guo

Deep learning has demonstrated abilities to learn complex structures, but they can be restricted by available data. Recently, Consensus Networks (CNs) were proposed to alleviate data sparsity by utilizing features from multiple modalities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Zining Zhu , Jekaterina Novikova , Frank Rudzicz

Model bias triggered by long-tailed data has been widely studied. However, measure based on the number of samples cannot explicate three phenomena simultaneously: (1) Given enough data, the classification performance gain is marginal with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Yanbiao Ma , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Yuxin Li , Shuyuan Yang , Xu Liu

We propose "collision cross-entropy" as a robust alternative to Shannon's cross-entropy (CE) loss when class labels are represented by soft categorical distributions y. In general, soft labels can naturally represent ambiguous targets in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Zhongwen Zhang , Yuri Boykov

With the emergence of diverse data collection techniques, objects in real applications can be represented as multi-modal features. What's more, objects may have multiple semantic meanings. Multi-modal and Multi-label (MMML) problem becomes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Yi Zhang , Cheng Zeng , Hao Cheng , Chongjun Wang , Lei Zhang

Classification is an essential and fundamental task in machine learning, playing a cardinal role in the field of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). In a supervised learning setting, labels are always needed for the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Irene Li

Partial multi-label learning and complementary multi-label learning are two popular weakly supervised multi-label classification paradigms that aim to alleviate the high annotation costs of collecting precisely annotated multi-label data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wei Wang , Tianhao Ma , Ming-Kun Xie , Gang Niu , Masashi Sugiyama

Real-world data often exhibits long-tailed distributions with heavy class imbalance, posing great challenges for deep recognition models. We identify a persisting dilemma on the value of labels in the context of imbalanced learning: on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Yuzhe Yang , Zhi Xu

Recently, methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) achieved impressive success in semantic segmentation tasks. However, challenges such as the class imbalance and the uncertainty in the pixel-labeling process are not completely…

The aim of Active Learning is to select the most informative samples from an unlabelled set of data. This is useful in cases where the amount of data is large and labelling is expensive, such as in machine vision or medical imaging. Two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Julien Combes , Alexandre Derville , Jean-François Coeurjolly

In a broad range of classification and decision making problems, one is given the advice or predictions of several classifiers, of unknown reliability, over multiple questions or queries. This scenario is different from the standard…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-02-07 Fabio Parisi , Francesco Strino , Boaz Nadler , Yuval Kluger

Understanding the mechanism of generative adversarial networks (GANs) helps us better use GANs for downstream applications. Existing efforts mainly target interpreting unconditional models, leaving it less explored how a conditional GAN…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Yingqing He , Zhiyi Zhang , Jiapeng Zhu , Yujun Shen , Qifeng Chen

Neural networks trained on real-world datasets with long-tailed label distributions are biased towards frequent classes and perform poorly on infrequent classes. The imbalance in the ratio of positive and negative samples for each class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-25 Kevin Duarte , Yogesh S. Rawat , Mubarak Shah

This work presents a new strategy for multi-class classification that requires no class-specific labels, but instead leverages pairwise similarity between examples, which is a weaker form of annotation. The proposed method, meta…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-04 Yen-Chang Hsu , Zhaoyang Lv , Joel Schlosser , Phillip Odom , Zsolt Kira