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Value guides behavior. With knowledge of stimulus values and action consequences, behaviors that maximize expected reward can be selected. Prior work has identified several brain structures critical for representing both stimuli and their…
The activity of neurons within brain circuits has been ubiquitously reported to be correlated. The impact of these correlations on brain function has been extensively investigated. Correlations can in principle increase or decrease the…
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is a therapy widely used for treating the symptoms of neurological disorders. Electrical pulses are chronically delivered in DBS to a disease-specific brain target via a surgically implanted electrode. The…
In the last century, most sensorimotor studies of cortical neurons relied on average firing rates. Rate coding is efficient for fast sensorimotor processing that occurs within a few seconds. Much less is known about the neural mechanisms…
This study investigates the cognitive motor control detection and the underlying neuroregulatory mechanisms during music-assisted simulated driving. Using a dynamic higher-order network model constructed with EEG-based cross-information…
Pronounced variability due to the growth of renewable energy sources, flexible loads, and distributed generation is challenging residential distribution systems. This context, motivates well fast, efficient, and robust reactive power…
The quantitative analysis of non-invasive electrophysiology signals from electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) boils down to the identification of temporal patterns such as evoked responses, transient bursts of…
Elements of neural networks, both biological and artificial, can be described by their selectivity for specific cognitive features. Understanding these features is important for understanding the inner workings of neural networks. For a…
Demystifying effective connectivity among neuronal populations has become the trend to understand the brain mechanisms of Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, mild traumatic brain injury, and many other unlisted neurological diseases.…
The coordinated activity of neural populations underlies myriad brain functions. Manipulating this activity using brain stimulation techniques has great potential for scientific and clinical applications, as it provides a tool to causally…
Cyborg in the brain-machine interface field has attracted more attention in recent years. To control a creature via a machine called cyborg method, three stages are considerable: stimulation of neurons, neural response, and the behavioral…
Neurons and networks in the cerebral cortex must operate reliably despite multiple sources of noise. To evaluate the impact of both input and output noise, we determine the robustness of single-neuron stimulus selective responses, as well…
Backpropagation-optimized artificial neural networks, while precise, lack robustness, leading to unforeseen behaviors that affect their safety. Biological neural systems do solve some of these issues already. Unlike artificial models,…
Here we describe an "information based exchange" model of brain function that ascribes to neocortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus distinct network functions. The model allows us to analyze whole brain system set point measures, such as the…
To thrive in dynamic environments, animals must be capable of rapidly and flexibly adapting behavioral responses to a changing context and internal state. Examples of behavioral flexibility include faster stimulus responses when attentive…
A new hybrid tracking controller for neuromuscular electrical stimulation is proposed. The control scheme uses sampled measurements and is designed by utilizing a numerical prediction of the state variables. The tracking error of the…
Neuronal excitability is known to be affected by transcranial electrical stimulation. However, due to the existence of both excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the cortex, the mechanism of neuronal excitability shift is still not clear.…
Cognitive control is a suite of processes that helps individuals pursue goals despite resistance or uncertainty about what to do. Although cognitive control has been extensively studied as a dynamic feedback loop of perception, valuation,…
About 26% of total U.S. energy consumption is used in the transportation sector. Conventional vehicles use fuels such as gasoline, emit harmful gases, and have adverse effects on the environment. Electric vehicles (EVs) provide an…
Networks of stiff fibers govern the elasticity of biological structures such as the extracellular matrix of collagen. These networks are known to stiffen nonlinearly under shear or extensional strain. Recently, it has been shown that such…