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We assess the impact of inhomogeneous reionization on detection of HII regions surrounding luminous high redshift quasars using planned low frequency radio telescopes. Our approach is to implement a semi-numerical scheme to calculate the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-24 Paul M. Geil , Stuart Wyithe

Foreground mitigation is critical to all next-generation radio interferometers that target cosmology using the redshifted neutral hydrogen 21 cm emission line. Attempts to remove this foreground emission have led to new analysis techniques…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-22 Kalyani Bhopi , Will Tyndall , Pranav Sanghavi , Kevin Bandura , Laura Newburgh , Jason Gallicchio

Absorption or emission against the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) may be observed in the redshifted 21cm line if the spin temperature of the neutral intergalactic medium prior to reionization differs from the CMB temperature.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-12-10 Tiziana Di Matteo , Rosalba Perna , Tom Abel , Martin J. Rees

The redshifted 21 cm line of cosmic atomic hydrogen is one of the most auspicious tools in deciphering the early Universe. Recovering this signal remains an ongoing problem for cosmologists in the field, with the signal being hidden behind…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-18 Joe H. N. Pattison , Jean Cavillot , Harry T. J. Bevins , Dominic J. Anstey , Eloy de Lera Acedo

Observation of redshifted 21-cm signals from neutral hydrogen holds the key to understanding the structure formation and its evolution during the reionization and post-reionization era. Apart from the presence of orders of magnitude larger…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-03-02 Jais Kumar , Prasun Dutta , Samir Choudhuri , Nirupam Roy

We present in this paper a new Bayesian semi-blind approach for foreground removal in observations of the 21-cm signal with interferometers. The technique, which we call HIEMICA (HI Expectation-Maximization Independent Component Analysis),…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-20 Le Zhang , Emory F. Bunn , Ata Karakci , Andrei Korotkov , P. M. Sutter , Peter T. Timbie , Gregory S. Tucker , Benjamin D. Wandelt

The measurements of the 21-cm brightness temperature fluctuations from the neutral hydrogen at the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) should inaugurate the next generation of cosmological observables. In this respect, many works have concentrated…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2013-01-10 Sebastien Clesse , Laura Lopez-Honorez , Christophe Ringeval , Hiroyuki Tashiro , Michel H. G. Tytgat

The designs of the first generation of cosmological 21-cm observatories are split between single dipole experiments which integrate over a large patch of sky in order to find the global (spectral) signature of reionization, and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 Jonathan M. Bittner , Abraham Loeb

We show how cross-correlating a high redshift external tracer field, such as the 21cm neutral hydrogen distribution and product maps involving Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature and polarisation fields, that probe mixed…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-07 D. Munshi , P. S. Corasaniti , P. Coles , A. Heavens , S. Pandolfi

The birth of the first luminous sources and the ensuing epoch of reionization are best studied via the redshifted 21-cm emission line, the signature of the first two imprinting the last. In this work we present a fully-Bayesian method,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-27 G. Bernardi , J. T. L. Zwart , D. Price , L. J. Greenhill , A. Mesinger , J. Dowell , T. Eftekhari , S. W. Ellingson , J. Kocz , F. Schinzel

The HI 21cm absorption line is masked by bright foregrounds and systematic distortions that arise due to the chromaticity of the antenna used to make the observation coupling to the spectral inhomogeneity of these foregrounds. We…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-12 Dominic Anstey , Eloy de Lera Acedo , Will Handley

With improving telescopes, it may now be possible to observe the Epoch of Reionization in multiple ways. We examine two of these observables - the excess light in the near-infrared background that may be due to high redshift stars and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-19 Elizabeth R. Fernandez , Saleem Zaroubi , Ilian T. Iliev , Garrelt Mellema , Vibor Jelic

The morphology of the 21-cm signal emitted by the neutral hydrogen present in the intergalactic medium (IGM) during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) depends both on the properties of the sources of ionizing radiation and on the underlying…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-04 Leon Noble , Mohd Kamran , Suman Majumdar , Chandra Shekhar Murmu , Raghunath Ghara , Garrelt Mellema , Ilian T. Iliev , Jonathan R. Pritchard

Neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) constitutes a key phase of the cosmic baryon cycle, bridging the ionised circumgalactic medium and the star-forming molecular gas. Yet, nearly 75 years after its discovery, direct views of HI through its 21cm…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-04 Graham Lawrie , Roger Deane , Tariq Blecher , Danail Obreschkow , Ian Heywood , Shilpa Ranchod

In the absence of complex astrophysical processes that characterize the reionization era, the 21-cm emission from neutral hydrogen (HI) in the post-reionization epoch is believed to be an excellent tracer of the underlying dark matter…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 Tapomoy Guha Sarkar , Sourav Mitra , Suman Majumdar , Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

Models and simulations of the epoch of reionization predict that spectra of the 21-cm transition of atomic hydrogen will show a clear fluctuation peak, at a redshift and scale, respectively, that mark the central stage of reionization and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Anastasia Fialkov , Rennan Barkana , Eli Visbal

There is growing interest in using 3-dimensional neutral hydrogen mapping with the redshifted 21 cm line as a cosmological probe, as it has been argued to have a greater long-term potential than the cosmic microwave background. However, its…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Yi Mao , Max Tegmark , Matthew McQuinn , Matias Zaldarriaga , Oliver Zahn

HI intensity mapping is a new observational technique to map fluctuations in the large-scale structure of matter using the 21 cm emission line of atomic hydrogen (HI). Sensitive radio surveys have the potential to detect Baryon Acoustic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-22 L. C. Olivari , M. Remazeilles , C. Dickinson

The X-ray background during the epoch of reionization is currently poorly constrained. We demonstrate that it is possible to use first generation 21 cm experiments to calibrate it. Using the semi-numerical simulation, 21cmFAST, we calculate…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Pierre Christian , Abraham Loeb

Neutral hydrogen (H$_{\rm I}$) intensity mapping is capable of measuring redshift evolution of H$_{\rm I}$ density parameter $\Omega_{\rm H_{\rm I}}$, which is an important parameter to understand structure formation in the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-09-28 Shoichiro Tanaka , Shintaro Yoshiura , Kenji Kubota , Keitaro Takahashi , Atsushi J. Nishizawa , Naoshi Sugiyama