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The crucial initial step in planet formation is the agglomeration of micron-sized dust into macroscopic aggregates. This phase is likely to happen very early during the protostellar disc formation, which is characterised by active gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-14 Vitaly Akimkin , Eduard Vorobyov , Yaroslav Pavlyuchenkov , Olga Stoyanovskaya

Previous studies have shown that there is considerable variation in the dust-to-gas density ratio in the vicinity of low-mass planets undergoing growth. This can lead to a significant change in the planetary momentum exerted by the gas and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-29 Zs. Regály , A Németh , G. Krupánszky , Zs. Sándor

Dust substructures observed in protoplanetary disks are commonly attributed to embedded planets; however, intrinsic gas-dust interactions can also generate complex morphologies. We performed two-dimensional, axisymmetric simulations of gas…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-28 Jiaqing Bi , Mario Flock , Dominik Ostertag , Neele Lüttkemöller , Sebastian Wolf

Aims: We investigate the behaviour of dust in protoplanetary disks under the action of gas drag in the presence of a planet. Our goal is twofold: to determine the spatial distribution of dust depending on grain size and planet mass, and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 L. Fouchet , S. T. Maddison , J. -F. Gonzalez , J. R. Murray

We present a new instability driven by a combination of coagulation and radial drift of dust particles. We refer to this instability as ``coagulation instability" and regard it as a promising mechanism to concentrate dust particles and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Ryosuke T. Tominaga , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka , Hiroshi Kobayashi

The rapid depletion of dust particles in protoplanetary disks limits the time available for planetesimal formation, as solids are typically accreted onto the central star before dust particles can undergo substantial growth. Dust traps…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-06 D. Tarczay-Nehéz

We aim to understand under which conditions a low mass planet can open a gap in viscous dusty protoplanetary discs. For this purpose, we extend the theory of dust radial drift to include the contribution from the tides of an embedded planet…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-21 Giovanni Dipierro , Guillaume Laibe

In weakly ionized discs turbulence can be generated through the vertical shear instability (VSI). Embedded planets feel a stochastic component in the torques acting on them which can impact their migration. In this work we study the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 Moritz Stoll , Giovanni Picogna , Wilhelm Kley

Radio images of protoplanetary disks demonstrate that dust grains tend to organize themselves into rings. These rings may be a consequence of dust trapping within gas pressure maxima wherein the local high dust-to-gas ratio is expected to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-12 Eve J. Lee , J. R. Fuentes , Philip F. Hopkins

Aims. The initial stages of planet formation may start concurrently with the formation of a gas-dust protoplanetary disk. This makes the study of the earliest stages of protoplanetary disk formation crucially important. Here we focus on…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-05 Eduard Vorobyov , Igor Kulikov , Vardan Elbakyan , James McKevitt , Manuel Guedel

Giant planets have been discovered at large separations from the central star. Moreover, a striking number of young circumstellar disks have gas and/or dust gaps at large orbital separations, potentially driven by embedded planetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-08 Hans Baehr , Zhaohuan Zhu , Chao-Chin Yang

High spatial resolution observations of protoplanetary disks (PPDs) by ALMA have revealed many details that are providing interesting constraints on the disk physics as well as dust dynamics, both of which are essential for understanding…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-29 Pinghui Huang , Hui Li , Andrea Isella , Ryan Miranda , Shengtai Li , Jianghui Ji

We carry out three dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations to study the role of gravitational and drag forces on the concentration of large dust grains (St > 1) in the spiral arms of gravitationally unstable protoplanetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-25 Sahl Rowther , Rebecca Nealon , Farzana Meru , James Wurster , Hossam Aly , Richard Alexander , Ken Rice , Richard A. Booth

Protoplanetary discs (PPDs) can host a number of instabilities that may partake directly or indirectly in the process of planetesimal formation. These include the Vertical Shear Instability (VSI), Convective Overstability (COS), Streaming…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-17 Marius Lehmann , Min-Kai Lin

This manuscript investigates the impact of key dust evolution parameters on dust retention and trapping in protoplanetary discs. Using models with and without pressure bumps, combined with radiative transfer simulations, images of the dust…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-07 Paola Pinilla

The streaming instability, a promising mechanism to drive planetesimal formation in dusty protoplanetary discs, relies on aerodynamic drag naturally induced by the background radial pressure gradient. This gradient should vary in disks, but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-09 Stanley A. Baronett , Chao-Chin Yang , Zhaohuan Zhu

Gas and dust in inclined orbits around binaries experience precession induced by the binary gravitational torque. The difference in precession between gas and dust alters the radial drift of weakly coupled dust and leads to density…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-13 Hossam Aly , Jean-François Gonzalez , Rebecca Nealon , Cristiano Longarini , Giuseppe Lodato , Daniel J. Price

Recent observations of several protoplanetary discs have found evidence of departures from flat, circular motion in the inner regions of the disc. One possible explanation for these observations is a disc warp, which could be induced by a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-08-29 Rebecca Nealon , Giovanni Dipierro , Richard Alexander , Rebecca Martin , Chris Nixon

Protoplanetary disks surrounding young stars are the birth places of planets. Among them, transition disks with inner dust cavities of tens of au are sometimes suggested to host massive companions. Yet, such companions are often not…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-13 Shuo Huang , Nienke van der Marel , Simon Portegies Zwart

Dust growth is often neglected when building models of protoplanetary disks due to its complexity and computational expense. However, it does play a major role in shaping the evolution of protoplanetary dust and planet formation. In this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Joanna Drazkowska , Shengtai Li , Til Birnstiel , Sebastian M. Stammler , Hui Li