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High-angular resolution observations at sub-millimeter/millimeter wavelengths of disks surrounding young stars have shown that their morphology is made of azimuthally-symmetric or point-symmetric substructures, in some cases with spiral…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-27 Diana Blanco , Luca Ricci , Mario Flock , Neal Turner

The radio polarization properties of the pulsar population are only superficially captured by the conventional picture of pulsar radio emission. We study the broadband polarization of 271 young radio pulsars, focusing particularly on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-01-16 L. S. Oswald , S. Johnston , A. Karastergiou , S. Dai , M. Kerr , M. E. Lower , R. N. Manchester , R. M. Shannon , C. Sobey , P. Weltevrede

Dust particle sizes constrained from dust continuum and polarization observations by radio interferometry are inconsistent by at least an order of magnitude. Motivated by porous dust observed in small Solar System bodies (e.g., from the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-16 Shangjia Zhang , Zhaohuan Zhu , Takahiro Ueda , Akimasa Kataoka , Anibal Sierra , Carlos Carrasco-González , Enrique Macías

Ground-based high-contrast instruments have yielded reflected light images of protoplanetary disks. Quantitative measurements of the reflected radiation provide strong constraints on the scattering dust which can clarify the dust particle…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-15 J. Ma , H. M. Schmid , T. Stolker

We analyse the feasibility of detecting the polarization of the CMB caused by scattering of the remote temperature quadrupole by galaxy clusters with forthcoming CMB polarization surveys. For low-redshift clusters, the signal is strongly…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-09-24 Alex Hall , Anthony Challinor

PDS 70 is a unique system as it hosts a protoplanetary disk with two confirmed forming planets, making it an ideal target for characterizing dust in such disks. We present new high-contrast polarimetric differential imaging of PDS 70 using…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-07 J. Ma , C. Ginski , R. Tazaki , C. Dominik , H. M. Schmid , F. Ménard

Spatially resolved polarized millimeter/submillimeter emission has been observed in the disk of HL Tau and two other young stellar objects. It is usually interpreted as coming from magnetically aligned grains, but can also be produced by…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-10-16 Haifeng Yang , Zhi-Yun Li , Leslie Looney , Ian Stephens

We calculate the detectability of the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) as a function of the sky coverage, angular resolution, and instrumental sensitivity for a hypothetical experiment. We consider the gradient…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Andrew H. Jaffe , Marc Kamionkowski , Limin Wang

The formation of protostellar disks is still a mystery, largely due to the difficulties in observations that can constrain theories. For example, the 3D alignment between the rotation of the disk and the magnetic fields (B-fields) in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-03-25 Lijun Wang , Zhuo Cao , Xiaodan Fan , Hua-bai Li

The optical properties of the second generation dust that we observe in debris disks remain quite elusive, whether it is the absorption efficiencies at millimeter wavelengths or the (un)polarized phase function at near-infrared wavelengths.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-24 Johan Olofsson , Philippe Thébault , Grant M. Kennedy , Amelia Bayo

Direction-dependent instrumental polarisation introduces wide-field polarimetric aberrations and limits the dynamic range of low-frequency interferometric images. We therefore provide a detailed two-dimensional analysis of the Giant…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-07-03 J. S. Farnes

It is well known that aligned, aspherical dust grains emit polarized radiation and that the degree of polarization depends on the angle $\psi$ between the interstellar magnetic field and the line of sight. However, anisotropy of the dust…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-01-08 Brandon S. Hensley , Cheng Zhang , James J. Bock

We present a broadband polarization analysis of 36 discrete polarized radio sources over a very broad, densely-sampled frequency band. Our sample was selected on the basis of polarization behaviour apparent in narrowband archival data at…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-07-06 C. S. Anderson , B. M. Gaensler , I. J. Feain

Planets are supposed to form in circumstellar disks. The gravitational potential of a planet perturbs the disk and leads to characteristic structures, i.e. spiral waves and gaps, in the disk's density profile. We perform a large-scale…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-12-12 Jan Philipp Ruge , Sebastian Wolf , Ana L. Uribe , Hubert H. Klahr

We present the first resolved observations of the 1.3mm polarized emission from the disk-like structure surrounding the high-mass protostar Cepheus A HW2. These CARMA data partially resolve the dust polarization, suggesting an uniform…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 M. Fernández-López , I. W. Stephens , J. M. Girart , L. Looney , S. Curiel , D. Segura-Cox , C. Eswaraiah , S. -P. Lai

The observations of fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background provide information about primordial inhomogeneities in the universe. However, the B-mode polarization of the inflationary gravitational wave is contaminated by the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-29 Yue Hu , Ka Ho Yuen , Alex Lazarian

HD 98800 is a nearby hierarchical quadruple system comprising two binaries orbiting each other. Surprisingly, despite its $\sim$ 10 Myr age and dynamic environment, the Ba-Bb component is surrounded by a compact gas-rich disc in a polar…

The dust sub-millimetre polarisation of star-forming clouds carries information on dust and the role of magnetic fields in cloud evolution. With observations of a dense filamentary cloud G035.39-00.33, we aim to characterise the dust…

HD$\,$169142 is an excellent target to investigate signs of planet-disk interaction due to the previous evidence of gap structures. We performed J-band (~1.2{\mu}m) polarized intensity imaging of HD169142 with VLT/SPHERE. We observe…