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Deep neural networks are typically trained by uniformly sampling large datasets across epochs, despite evidence that not all samples contribute equally throughout learning. Recent work shows that progressively reducing the amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Amar Gahir , Varshil Patel , Shreyank N Gowda

Deep neural networks have become the default choice for many of the machine learning tasks such as classification and regression. Dropout, a method commonly used to improve the convergence of deep neural networks, generates an ensemble of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-11 Tal Kachman , Michal Moshkovitz , Michal Rosen-Zvi

As a simple technique to accelerate inference of large-scale pre-trained models, early exiting has gained much attention in the NLP community. It allows samples to exit early at internal classifiers without passing through the entire model.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-31 Tianxiang Sun , Yunhua Zhou , Xiangyang Liu , Xinyu Zhang , Hao Jiang , Zhao Cao , Xuanjing Huang , Xipeng Qiu

Ensembling is a simple and popular technique for boosting evaluation performance by training multiple models (e.g., with different initializations) and aggregating their predictions. This approach is commonly reserved for the largest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Dan Kondratyuk , Mingxing Tan , Matthew Brown , Boqing Gong

In classification applications, we often want probabilistic predictions to reflect confidence or uncertainty. Dropout, a commonly used training technique, has recently been linked to Bayesian inference, yielding an efficient way to quantify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Zhilu Zhang , Adrian V. Dalca , Mert R. Sabuncu

The recently introduced dropout training criterion for neural networks has been the subject of much attention due to its simplicity and remarkable effectiveness as a regularizer, as well as its interpretation as a training procedure for an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-01-03 David Warde-Farley , Ian J. Goodfellow , Aaron Courville , Yoshua Bengio

Dropout is known as an effective way to reduce overfitting via preventing co-adaptations of units. In this paper, we theoretically prove that the co-adaptation problem still exists after using dropout due to the correlations among the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Shen Li , Chenhao Su , Renfen Hu , Zhengdong Lu

Bagging has achieved great success in the field of machine learning by integrating multiple base classifiers to build a single strong classifier to reduce model variance. The performance improvement of bagging mainly relies on the number…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Jia Wei , Xingjun Zhang , Witold Pedrycz

Dropout is a regularization technique widely used in training artificial neural networks to mitigate overfitting. It consists of dynamically deactivating subsets of the network during training to promote more robust representations. Despite…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-10 Francesco Mori , Francesca Mignacco

Dropout methods are a family of stochastic techniques used in neural network training or inference that have generated significant research interest and are widely used in practice. They have been successfully applied in neural network…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Alex Labach , Hojjat Salehinejad , Shahrokh Valaee

Large neural networks are often overparameterised and prone to overfitting, Dropout is a widely used regularization technique to combat overfitting and improve model generalization. However, unstructured Dropout is not always effective for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Yiren Zhao , Oluwatomisin Dada , Xitong Gao , Robert D Mullins

Existing ML models are known to be highly over-parametrized, and use significantly more resources than required for a given task. Prior work has explored compressing models offline, such as by distilling knowledge from larger models into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Julian Knodt

Ensemble learning has gained success in machine learning with major advantages over other learning methods. Bagging is a prominent ensemble learning method that creates subgroups of data, known as bags, that are trained by individual…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Giang Ngo , Rodney Beard , Rohitash Chandra

While imitation learning is becoming common practice in robotics, this approach often suffers from data mismatch and compounding errors. DAgger is an iterative algorithm that addresses these issues by continually aggregating training data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-20 Kunal Menda , Katherine Driggs-Campbell , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Imitation learning by behavioral cloning is a prevalent method that has achieved some success in vision-based autonomous driving. The basic idea behind behavioral cloning is to have the neural network learn from observing a human expert's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-19 Yuying Chen , Congcong Liu , Lei Tai , Ming Liu , Bertram E. Shi

Deep learning has revolutionized many industries by enabling models to automatically learn complex patterns from raw data, reducing dependence on manual feature engineering. However, deep learning algorithms are sensitive to input data, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Mert Sehri , Zehui Hua , Francisco de Assis Boldt , Patrick Dumond

It is important to understand how dropout, a popular regularization method, aids in achieving a good generalization solution during neural network training. In this work, we present a theoretical derivation of an implicit regularization of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Zhongwang Zhang , Zhi-Qin John Xu

Continual learning of deep neural networks is a key requirement for scaling them up to more complex applicative scenarios and for achieving real lifelong learning of these architectures. Previous approaches to the problem have considered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Jary Pomponi , Simone Scardapane , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Aurelio Uncini

An ensemble consists of a set of individually trained classifiers (such as neural networks or decision trees) whose predictions are combined when classifying novel instances. Previous research has shown that an ensemble is often more…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-02 R. Maclin , D. Opitz

Transfer learning techniques have been widely used in the reality that it is difficult to obtain sufficient labeled data in the target domain, but a large amount of auxiliary data can be obtained in the relevant source domain. But most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-22 Guokun Chi , Min Jiang , Xing Gao , Weizhen Hu , Shihui Guo , Kay Chen Tan