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Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly becoming commodity components of larger software systems. This poses natural security and privacy problems: poisoned data retrieved from one component can change the model's behavior and compromise…

Information-flow policies prescribe which information is available to a given user or subsystem. We study the problem of specifying such properties in reactive systems, which may require dynamic changes in information-flow restrictions…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Ezio Bartocci , Thomas Ferrère , Thomas A. Henzinger , Dejan Nickovic , Ana Oliveira da Costa

As modern hardware designs grow in complexity and size, ensuring security across the confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CIA) triad becomes increasingly challenging. Information flow tracking (IFT) is a widely-used approach to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Nowfel Mashnoor , Mohammad Akyash , Hadi Kamali , Kimia Azar

For question-answering (QA) tasks, in-context learning (ICL) enables language models to generate responses without modifying their parameters by leveraging examples provided in the input. However, the effectiveness of ICL heavily depends on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ruhan Wang , Zhiyong Wang , Chengkai Huang , Rui Wang , Tong Yu , Lina Yao , John C. S. Lui , Dongruo Zhou

This abstract aims at presenting an ongoing effort to apply a novel typing mechanism stemming from Implicit Computational Complexity (ICC), that tracks dependencies between variables in three different ways, at different stages of…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Clément Aubert , Thomas Rubiano , Neea Rusch , Thomas Seiller

Information flow type systems enforce the security property of noninterference by detecting unauthorized data flows at compile-time. However, they require precise type annotations, making them difficult to use in practice as much of the…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Abhishek Bichhawat , McKenna McCall , Limin Jia

Large language models exhibit exciting capabilities, yet can show surprisingly narrow generalization from finetuning. E.g. they can fail to generalize to simple reversals of relations they are trained on, or fail to make simple logical…

Information-flow security type systems ensure confidentiality by enforcing noninterference: a program cannot leak private data to public channels. However, in practice, programs need to selectively declassify information about private data.…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Raimil Cruz , Éric Tanter

Large Language Model-based systems (LLM systems) are information and query processing systems that use LLMs to plan operations from natural-language prompts and feed the output of each successive step into the LLM to plan the next. This…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Fangzhou Wu , Ethan Cecchetti , Chaowei Xiao

In recent years, Fine-Grained Visual Classification (FGVC) has achieved impressive recognition accuracy, despite minimal inter-class variations. However, existing methods heavily rely on instance-level labels, making them impractical in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jinyi Chang , Dongliang Chang , Lei Chen , Bingyao Yu , Zhanyu Ma

We present a type theory combining both linearity and dependency by stratifying typing rules into a level for logics and a level for programs. The distinction between logics and programs decouples their semantics, allowing the type system…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Qiancheng Fu , Hongwei Xi

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction plays as a core function module in various personalized online services. The traditional ID-based models for CTR prediction take as inputs the one-hot encoded ID features of tabular modality, which…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Hangyu Wang , Jianghao Lin , Xiangyang Li , Bo Chen , Chenxu Zhu , Ruiming Tang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu

In-context Learning (ICL) is an emerging few-shot learning paradigm on Language Models (LMs) with inner mechanisms un-explored. There are already existing works describing the inner processing of ICL, while they struggle to capture all the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Hakaze Cho , Mariko Kato , Yoshihiro Sakai , Naoya Inoue

This work's main goal is to understand if Information Flow Control (IFC), a security technique used for discovering leaks in software, could be used to indicate the presence of dynamic semantic conflicts between developers contributions in…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Roberto Souto Maior de Barros Filho , Paulo Borba

Existing language-based information-flow control (IFC) tools face a fundamental tension: Denning-style systems that track explicit and implicit flows at the variable level typically require compiler modifications, while more coarse-grained…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Jeffrey C. Ching , Quan Zhou , Danfeng Zhang

Rule learning-based models are widely used in highly interpretable scenarios due to their transparent structures. Inductive logic programming (ILP), a form of machine learning, induces rules from facts while maintaining interpretability.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Kun Gao , Katsumi Inoue , Yongzhi Cao , Hanpin Wang , Feng Yang

Information flow control type systems statically restrict the propagation of sensitive data to ensure end-to-end confidentiality. The property to be shown is noninterference, asserting that an attacker cannot infer any secrets from made…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Farzaneh Derakhshan , Stephanie Balzer , Limin Jia

Safely integrating third-party code in applications while protecting the confidentiality of information is a long-standing problem. Pure functional programming languages, like Haskell, make it possible to enforce lightweight…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Simon Gregersen , Søren Eller Thomsen , Aslan Askarov

The responses generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) can include sensitive information from individuals and organizations, leading to potential privacy leakage. This work implements Influence Functions (IFs) to trace privacy leakage back…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Jinxin Liu , Zao Yang

Security policies are naturally dynamic. Reflecting this, there has been a growing interest in studying information-flow properties which change during program execution, including concepts such as declassification, revocation, and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-01-13 Bart van Delft , Sebastian Hunt , David Sands