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Cellular automata are a set of computational models in discrete space that have a discrete time evolution defined by neighbourhood rules. They are used to simulate many complex systems in physics and science in general. In this work,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-05-12 Luca Bertolani , Andrea Idini

A one-dimensional two-state number-conserving cellular automaton (NCCA) is a cellular automaton whose states are 0 or 1 and where cells take states 0 and 1 and updated their states by the rule which keeps overall sum of states constant. It…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2019-10-21 Gil-Tak Kong , Katsunobu Imai , Toru Nakanashi

Non-uniform cellular automata (NUCA) are an extension of cellular automata (CA), which transform cells according to multiple different local rules. A NUCA is defined by a configuration of local rules called a local rule distribution. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Katariina Paturi

In a probabilistic cellular automaton in which all local transitions have positive probability, the problem of keeping a bit of information indefinitely is nontrivial, even in an infinite automaton. Still, there is a solution in 2…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-01-26 Peter Gacs

Cellular Automata (CA) have long been foundational in simulating dynamical systems computationally. With recent innovations, this model class has been brought into the realm of deep learning by parameterizing the CA's update rule using an…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Magnus Petersen

Every transitive cellular automaton (CA) is sensitive to initial conditions. We study this implication in the more general context of non-uniform cellular automata (NUCA) with finitely many different local update rules assigned to cells. We…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Supreeti Kamilya , Jarkko Kari , Katariina Paturi

A minimalistic model for chimera states is presented. The model is a cellular automaton (CA) which depends on only one adjustable parameter, the range of the nonlocal coupling, and is built from elementary cellular automata and the majority…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2016-05-25 Vladimir García-Morales

The Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) is a bio-electrochemical transducer converting waste products into electricity using microbial communities. Cellular Automaton (CA) is a uniform array of finite-state machines that update their states in…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-07-05 Michail-Antisthenis Tsompanas , Andrew Adamatzky , Georgios Ch. Sirakoulis , John Greenman , Ioannis Ieropoulos

Cellular Automata (CA) are a class of discrete dynamical systems that have been widely used to model complex systems in which the dynamics is specified at local cell-scale. Classically, CA are run on a regular lattice and with perfect…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 Nazim A. Fates , Michel Morvan

The phase diagram of the coupled sine circle map lattice shows spatio-temporal intermittency of two distinct types: spatio-temporal intermittency of the directed percolation (DP) class, and spatial intermittency which does not belong to…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-07-06 Zahera Jabeen , Neelima Gupte

Neural Cellular Automata (NCA) represent a powerful framework for modeling biological self-organization, extending classical rule-based systems with trainable, differentiable (or evolvable) update rules that capture the adaptive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Benedikt Hartl , Michael Levin , Léo Pio-Lopez

Physical universality of a cellular automaton was defined by Janzing in 2010 as the ability to implement an arbitrary transformation of spatial patterns. In 2014, Schaeffer gave a construction of a two-dimensional physically universal…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Ville Salo , Ilkka Törmä

This paper examines the claim that cellular automata (CA) belonging to Class III (in Wolfram's classification) are capable of (Turing universal) computation. We explore some chaotic CA (believed to belong to Class III) reported over the…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2013-04-05 Genaro J. Martinez , Juan C. Seck-Tuoh-Mora , Hector Zenil

Cellular automata (CAs) are fully-discrete dynamical models that have received much attention due to the fact that their relatively simple setup can nonetheless express highly complex phenomena. Despite the model's theoretical maturity and…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-07-10 Michiel Rollier , Kallil M. C. Zielinski , Aisling J. Daly , Odemir M. Bruno , Jan M. Baetens

Three reasonable hypotheses lead to the thesis that physical phenomena can be described and simulated with cellular automata. In this work, we attempt to describe the motion of a particle upon which a constant force is applied, with a…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2016-03-09 Pablo Arrighi , Gilles Dowek

This study focuses on an extended model of a standard cellular automaton (CA) that includes an extra index consisting of a radius that defines a perception area for each cell in addition to the radius defined by the CA rule. Extended…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-12-22 Yoshihiko Kayama

Probabilistic cellular automata (CA) provides a classic framework for studying non-equilibrium statistical physics on a lattices. A notable example is the Domany-Kinzel CA, which has been used to investigate the process of directed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Ramil Nigmatullin , Elisabeth Wagner , Gavin K. Brennen

The essential ingredient for studying the phenomena of emergence is the ability to generate and manipulate emergent systems that span large scales. Cellular automata are the model class particularly known for their effective scalability but…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Sina Khajehabdollahi , Emmanouil Giannakakis , Victor Buendia , Georg Martius , Anna Levina

A probabilistic cellular automaton (PCA) can be viewed as a Markov chain. The cells are updated synchronously and independently, according to a distribution depending on a finite neighborhood. We investigate the ergodicity of this Markov…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-17 Ana Busic , Jean Mairesse , Irene Marcovici

Cellular Automata are discrete--time dynamical systems on a spatially extended discrete space which provide paradigmatic examples of nonlinear phenomena. Their stochastic generalizations, i.e., Probabilistic Cellular Automata, are discrete…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-07-06 Emilio N. M. Cirillo , Francesca R. Nardi , Cristian Spitoni