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Particles at rest before the arrival of a burst of gravitational wave move, after the wave has passed, with constant velocity along diverging geodesics. As recognized by Souriau 50 years ago and then forgotten, their motion is particularly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-05-20 M. Elbistan , P. -M. Zhang , P. A. Horvathy

The features of the scattering of massive neutral particles propagating in the field of a gravitational plane wave are compared with those characterizing their interaction with an electromagnetic radiation field. The motion is geodesic in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-22 Donato Bini , Andrea Geralico , Maria Haney , Robert T. Jantzen

There are conflicting statements in the literature about the gravitational Faraday rotation of the plane of polarization of polarized electromagnetic radiation travelling through a gravitational wave. This issue is reconsidered using a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Valerio Faraoni

We focus on the interaction of a plane gravitational wave with electromagnetic fields and we describe this interaction in the proper detector frame where, thanks to the introduction of Fermi coordinates, it is possible to refer to directly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-14 Matteo Luca Ruggiero

The nonlinear memory effect is a slowly-growing, non-oscillatory contribution to the gravitational-wave amplitude. It originates from gravitational waves that are sourced by the previously emitted waves. In an ideal gravitational-wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-05-27 Marc Favata

The light-like limit of the Kerr gravitational field relative to a distant observer moving rectilinearly in an arbitrary direction is an impulsive plane gravitational wave with a singular point on its wave front. By colliding particles with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 C. Barrabes , V. P. Frolov , P. A. Hogan

Gravitational memory effects are predictions of general relativity that are characterized by an observable effect that persists after the passage of gravitational waves. In recent years, they have garnered particular interest, both due to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-30 Alexander M. Grant , Keefe Mitman

We study the interaction between gravitational waves and a quantum two-level system consisting of a spin 1/2 particle using the formalism of the proper detector frame. This approach highlights the effects of gravitational waves on both the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-28 Matteo Luca Ruggiero

If a set of massive objects collide in space and the fragments disperse, possibly forming black holes, then this process will emit gravitational waves. Computing the detailed gravitational wave-form associated with this process is a…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-06-24 Ashoke Sen

A rich galaxy cluster showing strong resemblance with the observed ones is simulated. Cold dark matter spectrum, Gaussian statistics, flat universe, and two components -- baryonic gas plus dark matter particles -- are considered. We have…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Vicent Quilis , Jose Ma. Ibanez , Diego Saez

Primordial gravitational waves, after they enter the horizon and decay away, leave a residual displacement in test particles: a memory, in analogy with gravitational waves generated by astrophysical sources. The late-time distance between…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-17 Paolo Creminelli , Filippo Vernizzi

Displacement and velocity memory effects in the exact, vacuum, plane gravitational wave line element have been studied recently by looking at the behaviour of pairs of geodesics or via geodesic deviation. Instead, one may investigate the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-03-18 Indranil Chakraborty , Sayan Kar

Starting with on-shell amplitudes compatible with the scattering of Kerr black holes, we produce the gravitational waveform and memory effect including spin at their leading post-Minkowskian orders to all orders in the spins of both…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-11-01 Rafael Aoude , Kays Haddad , Carlo Heissenberg , Andreas Helset

Some physically interesting weak-gravitational effects and phenomena are reviewed and briefly discussed: particle geometric phases due to the time-dependent spin-rotation couplings, non-inertial gravitational wave in rotating reference of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jian Qi Shen

When two non-interacting plane impulsive gravitational waves undergo a head-on collision, the vacuum interaction region between the waves after the collision contains backscattered gravitational radiation from both waves. The two systems of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 C. Barrabès , G. F. Bressange , P. A. Hogan

The physical properties of electromagnetic waves in the presence of a gravitational plane wave are analyzed. Formulas for the Stokes parameters describing the polarization of light are obtained in closed form. The particular case of a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-21 Shahen Hacyan

We study the process, within classical general relativity, in which an incident gravitational plane wave, of weak amplitude and long wavelength, scatters off a massive spinning compact object, such as a black hole or neutron star. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-04 M. V. S. Saketh , Justin Vines

Gravitational wave memory is an important prediction of general relativity, which has not been detected yet. Amounts of memory events can form a stochastic gravitational wave memory background. Here we find that memory background can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-12-12 Zhi-Chao Zhao , Zhoujian Cao

We examine a scattering process in which a set of particles come together, interact through a long-range massless scalar force like dilaton mediated and then disperse. Using worldline formalism, we compute the trajectories of the scattered…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-08-05 Sarthak Duary , Pabitra Ray

We explicitly calculate the gravitational wave memory effect for classical point particle sources in linearized gravity off of an even dimensional Minkowski background. We show that there is no memory effect in $d>4$ dimensions, in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-07-04 David Garfinkle , Stefan Hollands , Akihiro Ishibashi , Alexander Tolish , Robert M. Wald