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Large spectroscopic and astrometric surveys have revealed complex wave-like features in the Milky Way disk, suggesting that its kinematic and chemical structures are shaped by time-dependent perturbations. Recent studies have reported…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-08 Jifei Wang , Zhuohan Li , Chengdong Li , Yuqin Chen , Chengqun Yang , Zixi Guo , Zhou Fan , Hongrui Gu , Maoli Bu

We suggest and verify a new photometric method enabling derivation of relative thickness of a galactic disk from two-dimensional surface-brightness distribution of the galaxy in the plane of the sky. The method is applied to images of 45…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Ekaterina M. Chudakova , Olga K. Sil'chenko

Accurate characterization of thick disc properties from recent kinematic and photometric surveys provides converging evidences that this intermediate population is a sequel of the violent heating of early disc populations by a merging…

Astrophysics · Physics 2011-05-23 Annie C. Robin , Misha Haywood , Crézé , Devendra K. Ojha , Olivier Bienaymé

We created a three-dimensional distribution map of molecular gas throughout the Milky Way Galaxy using the latest $^{12}$CO($J=$1--0) survey data cube and rotation curve based on the kinematic distance. The radial distribution of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 Hiroyuki Nakanishi , Yoshiaki Sofue

We extend our previous work on the age-chemical abundance structure of the Galactic outer disc to the inner disc (4 < r < 8 kpc) based on the SDSS/APOGEE survey. Different from the outer disc, the inner disc stars exhibit a clear bimodal…

We present a detailed determination and analysis of 3D stellar mass distribution of the Galactic disk for mono-age populations using a sample of 0.93 million main-sequence turn-off and subgiant stars from the LAMOST Galactic Surveys. Our…

The mechanism causing breaks in the radial surface brightness distribution of spiral galaxies is not yet well known. Despite theoretical efforts, there is not a unique explanation for these features and the observational results are not…

In the first two papers of this series, Larsen et al (2010a,b) describe our faint CCD survey in the inner Galaxy and map the over-density of Thick Disk stars in Quadrant I (Q1) to 5 kpc or more along the line of sight. The regions showing…

The innermost regions of most galaxies are characterised by the presence of extremely dense nuclear star clusters. Nevertheless, these clusters are not the only stellar component present in galactic nuclei, where larger stellar structures…

Substructures in disc density are ubiquitous in the bright extended discs that are observed with high resolution. These substructures are intimately linked to the physical mechanisms driving planet formation and disc evolution. Surveys of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-14 J. M. Miley , J. Carpenter , R. Booth , J. Jennings , T. J. Haworth , M. Vioque , S. Andrews , D. Wilner , M. Benisty , J. Huang , L. Perez , V. Guzman , L. Ricci , A. Isella

We analyze high quality abundances data of solar neighborhood stars and show that there are two distinct regimes of [alpha/Fe] versus age which we identify as the epochs of the thick and thin disk formation. A tight correlation between…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 M. Haywood , P. Di Matteo , M. Lehnert , D. Katz , A. Gomez

We explore the stellar structure of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) disk using data from the Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History (SMASH) and the Dark Energy Survey. We detect a ring-like stellar overdensity in the red clump star count…

Context. The scale height of the spatial distribution of open clusters (OCs) in the Milky Way exhibits a well known increase with age which is usually interpreted as evidence for dynamical heating of the disc or of the disc having been…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-05 Sandro Moreira , André Moitinho , André Silva , Duarte Almeida

We present the first characterization of a thick disc component in the Andromeda galaxy (M31) using kinematic data from the DEIMOS multi-object spectrograph instrument on Keck II. Using 21 fields in the South West of the galaxy, we measure…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 M. L. M. Collins , S. C. Chapman , R. A. Ibata , M. J. Irwin , R. M. Rich , A. M. N. Ferguson , G. F. Lewis , N. Tanvir , A. Koch

Several recent studies reinforce the existence of a thick molecular disc in galaxies along with the dynamically cold thin disc. Assuming a two-component molecular disc, we model the disc of NGC 6946 as a four-component system consisting of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-21 Narendra Nath Patra

The Milky Way is a unique laboratory, where stellar properties can be measured and analyzed in detail. In particular, stars in the older populations encode information on the mechanisms that led to the formation of our Galaxy. In this…

The Monoceros Ring (also known as the Galactic Anticenter Stellar Structure) and A13 are stellar overdensities at estimated heliocentric distances of $d \sim 11$ kpc and 15 kpc observed at low Galactic latitudes towards the anticenter of…

Disc truncations are the closest feature to an edge that galaxies have, but the nature of this phenomena is not yet understood. In this paper, we explore the truncations in two nearby (D ~15 Mpc) Milky Way-like galaxies: NGC 4565 and NGC…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-16 Cristina Martinez-Lombilla , Ignacio Trujillo , Johan H. Knapen

We have analyzed the radial distribution of old stars in a sample of 218 nearby face-on disks, using deep 3.6um images from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G). In particular, we have studied the structural properties…

Galactic disks typically exhibit a negative radial metallicity gradient, indicating faster enrichment in the inner regions. Recent studies report that this gradient becomes flatter with increasing stellar age in the Milky Way's (MW) thin…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-11 Ao Chen , Juntai Shen , Chun Wang , Yang Huang