Related papers: Generalized Logical Operations among Conditional E…

General coherence theorems are constructed that yield explicit presentations of categorical and algebraic objects. The categorical structures involved are finitary discrete Lawvere 2-theories, though they are approached within the language…

This paper discusses the semantics and proof theory of Nilsson's probabilistic logic, outlining both the benefits of its well-defined model theory and the drawbacks of its proof theory. Within Nilsson's semantic framework, we derive a set…

In this paper, we study aggregation rules with nontrivial symmetric classes of invariant sets (restricted domains), assuming that they, unlike others, have a logical nature. In the simplest case, we provide a complete classification of such…

We propose a conjugate logic that can capture the behavior of quantum and quantum-like systems. The proposal is similar to the more generic concept of epistemic logic: it encodes knowledge or perhaps more correctly, predictions about…

This paper presents a generalization of the disjunctive paraconsistent relational data model in which disjunctive positive and negative information can be represented explicitly and manipulated. There are situations where the closed world…

While belief functions may be seen formally as a generalization of probabilistic distributions, the question of the interactions between belief functions and probability is still an issue in practice. This question is difficult, since the…

In many situations humans have to reason with inconsistent knowledge. These inconsistencies may occur due to not fully reliable sources of information. In order to reason with inconsistent knowledge, it is not possible to view a set of…

Conjoint analysis is a popular experimental design used to measure multidimensional preferences. Researchers examine how varying a factor of interest, while controlling for other relevant factors, influences decision-making. Currently,…

A probabilistic propositional logic, endowed with an epistemic component for asserting (non-)compatibility of diagonizable and bounded observables, is presented and illustrated for reasoning about the random results of projective…

It is well-known in the modified gravity scene that the calculation of junction conditions in certain complicated theories leads to ambiguities and conflicts between the various formulations. This paper introduces a general framework to…

We look at non-classical negations and their corresponding adjustment connectives from a modal viewpoint, over complete distributive lattices, and apply a very general mechanism in order to offer adequate analytic proof systems to logics…

Coherence phenomena appear in two different situations. In the context of category theory the term `coherence constraints' refers to a set of diagrams whose commutativity implies the commutativity of a larger class of diagrams. In the…

We introduce a new logic that combines Adjoint Logic with Graded Necessity Modalities. This results in a very expressive system capable of controlling when and how structural rules are used. We give a sequent calculus, natural deduction,…

In this paper, we provide more evidence for the contention that logical consequence should be understood in normative terms. Hartry Field and John MacFarlane covered the classical case. We extend their work, examining what it means for an…

This article examines the subtle relationship between chaos and randomness, two concepts that, although they refer to seemingly unpredictable phenomenon, are based on fundamentally different principles. Chaos manifests in deterministic…

The disjunctive restricted chase is a sound and complete procedure for solving boolean conjunctive query entailment over knowledge bases of disjunctive existential rules. Alas, this procedure does not always terminate and checking if it…

Confluence of a nondeterministic program ensures a functional input-output relation, freeing the programmer from considering the actual scheduling strategy, and allowing optimized and perhaps parallel implementations. The more general…

Abduction is a fundamental and important form of non-monotonic reasoning. Given a knowledge base explaining how the world behaves it aims at finding an explanation for some observed manifestation. In this paper we focus on propositional…

Factorial moments and cumulants are usually defined with respect to the unconditioned Poisson process. Conditioning a sample by selecting events of a given overall multiplicity $N$ necessarily introduces correlations. By means of Edgeworth…

Counterfactual reasoning and contextuality is defined and critically evaluated with regard to its nonempirical content. To this end, a uniqueness property of states, explosion views and link observables are introduced. If only a single…