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In practical quantum key distribution systems, imperfect physical devices open security loopholes that challenge the core promise of this technology. Apart from various side channels, a vulnerability of single-photon detectors to blinding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-15 Lijiong Shen , Christian Kurtsiefer

The safety of a quantum key distribution system relies on the fact that any eavesdropping attempt on the quantum channel creates errors in the transmission. For a given error rate, the amount of information that may have leaked to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-28 B. Huttner , N. Imoto , N. Gisin , T. Mor

Fast gated avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are the most commonly used single photon detectors for high bit rate quantum key distribution (QKD). Their robustness against external attacks is crucial to the overall security of a QKD system or…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is considered the most immediate application to be widely implemented amongst a variety of potential quantum technologies. QKD enables sharing secret keys between distant users, using photons as information…

We report the security analysis of time-coding quantum key distribution protocols. The protocols make use of coherent single-photon pulses. The key is encoded in the photon time-detection. The use of coherent superposition of states allows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-09-29 Thierry Debuisschert , Simon Fossier

Quantum key distribution (QKD) can share an unconditional secure key between two remote parties, but the deviation between theory and practice will break the security of the generated key. In this paper, we evaluate the security of QKD with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-26 Shi-Hai Sun , Zhi-Yu Tian , Mei-Sheng Zhao , Yan Ma

Existing security proofs of quantum key distribution (QKD) suffer from two fundamental weaknesses. First, memory attacks have emerged as an important threat to the security of even device-independent quantum key distribution (DI-QKD),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-14 Marcos Curty , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Integrated photonics has the advantages of miniaturization, low cost, and CMOS compatibility, and it provides a stable, highly integrated, and practical platform for quantum key distribution (QKD). While photonic integration of optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-08 Lingwen Kong , Zhihao Li , Congxiu Li , Lin Cao , Zeyu Xing , Junqin Cao , Yaxin Wang , Xinlun Cai , Xiaoqi Zhou

Quantum technology can enable secure communication for cryptography purposes using quantum key distribution. Quantum key distribution protocols provide a secret key between two users with security guaranteed by the laws of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-11 Venkat Abhignan , Abhishek Jamunkar , Gokul Nair , Mohit Mittal , Megha Shrivastava

In previous quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols, information is encoded on either the discrete-variable of single-photon signal or continuous-variables of multi-photon signal. Here, we propose a new QKD protocol by encoding information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Bing Qi

Round-robin-differential-phase (RRDPS) quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol has attracted intensive studies due to its distinct security characteristic, e.g., information leakage in RRDPS can be bounded without learning error rate of key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Wei Chen , Yun-Guang Han , Rong Wang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables the transmission of information that is secure against general attacks by eavesdroppers. The use of on-demand quantum light sources in QKD protocols is expected to help improve security and maximum…

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) removes all detector side channels and enables secure QKD with an untrusted relay. It is suitable for building a star-type quantum access network, where the complicated and…

Advances in quantum computing are a rapidly growing threat towards modern cryptography. Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides long-term security without assuming the computational power of an adversary. However, inconsistencies between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-18 Henry Semenenko , Philip Sibson , Mark G. Thompson , Chris Erven

Many quantum key distribution (QKD) schemes are based on sending and measuring qubits -- two-dimensional quantum systems. Yet, in practical realizations and experiments, the measuring devices at the receiver's (Bob) site commonly do not…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-23 Ran Gelles , Tal Mor

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) leverages the principles of quantum mechanics to exchange a secret key between two parties. Unlike classical cryptographic systems, the security of QKD is not reliant on computational assumptions but is…

Optical fiber networks are part of important critical infrastructure and known to be prone to eavesdropping attacks. Hence cryptographic methods have to be used to protect communication. Quantum key distribution (QKD), at its core, offers…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-27 Alexandra Popp , Florian Sedlmeir , Birgit Stiller , Christoph Marquardt

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides information theoretic security based on quantum mechanics, however, its practical deployment is challenged by imperfections of source devices. Among various source loopholes, correlations between…

Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) provides the strongest form of quantum security, as it allows two honest users to establish secure communication channels even when using fully uncharacterized quantum devices. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-06 Anna Steffinlongo , Mariana Navarro , Marina Cenni , Xavier Valcarce , Antonio Acín , Enky Oudot

Standard quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols typically assume that the distant parties share a common reference frame. In practice, however, establishing and maintaining a good alignment between distant observers is rarely a trivial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-04 Joshua A. Slater , Cyril Branciard , Nicolas Brunner , Wolfgang Tittel