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In the presence of a magnetic field, rotational energy can be extracted from black holes via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. We use self-similar advection dominated accretion (ADAF) models to estimate the efficiency of this mechanism for…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Philip J. Armitage , Priyamvada Natarajan

We analyze the energy extraction by the Penrose process in higher dimensions. Our result shows the efficiency of the process from higher dimensional black holes and black rings can be rather high compared with than that in four dimensional…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-11-19 Masato Nozawa , Kei-ichi Maeda

We consider accretion of charged test matter by rotating, magnetic black holes and discuss a number of aspects in which the interaction of the angular momentum contained in the electromagnetic field and the spin of the hole plays a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-08-09 Conor Dyson , David Pereñiguez

We describe global, 3D, time-dependent, non-radiative, general-relativistic, magnetohydrodynamic simulations of accreting black holes (BHs). The simulations are designed to transport a large amount of magnetic flux to the center, more than…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Alexander Tchekhovskoy , Ramesh Narayan , Jonathan C. McKinney

If a black hole is immersed in a magnetosphere,its rotational energy can be transferred to the electromagnetic field and escape as a Poynting flux to infinity. This process of extraction of rotational energy is known as the Blandford-Znajek…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-23 Milos Ertola Urtubey , Daniela Pérez

We investigate the possibility that gamma-ray bursts are powered by a central engine consisting of a black hole with an external magnetic field supported by a surrounding disk or torus. The rotational energy of the black hole can be…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hyun Kyu Lee , R. A. M. J. Wijers , G. E. Brown

In the case involving particles the necessary and sufficient condition for the Penrose process to extract energy from a rotating black hole is absorption of particles with negative energies and angular momenta. No torque at the black-hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-02-04 J. -P. Lasota , E. Gourgoulhon , M. Abramowicz , A. Tchekhovskoy , R. Narayan

Several issues regarding the Blandford-Znajek process are discussed to demonstrate that it can be an effective mechanism for powering the gamma ray bursts. Using a simple circuit analysis it is argued that the disk power increases the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Hyun Kyu Lee , G. E. Brown , R. A. M. J. Wijers

The exact analytic solutions of the Maxwell equations in the exterior of a boosted rotating black hole immersed in an external magnetic field are obtained. The effect of boost as well as electromagnetic field on charged particle motion and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-10-19 Ahmadjon Abdujabbarov , Naresh Dadhich , Bobomurat Ahmedov

The energy extraction from a magnetized Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole is analyzed within the framework of the electric Penrose mechanism. The presence of an external magnetic field induces an axisymmetric configuration and an ergosphere…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-21 A. Baez , Nora Breton , I. Cabrera-Munguia

In this paper, we investigate the Penrose process in the purlieus of the axially symmetric magnetized Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole for both neutral and charged particles. We start with the study of the geometry of the black hole and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-26 Sanjar Shaymatov , Pankaj Sheoran , Ricardo Becerril , Ulises Nucamendi , Bobomurat Ahmedov

The radiative efficiency of super-Eddington accreting black holes (BHs) is explored for magnetically-arrested disks (MADs), where magnetic flux builds-up to saturation near the BH. Our three-dimensional general relativistic radiation…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-23 Jonathan C. McKinney , Lixin Dai , Mark Avara

For almost four decades, since the discovery of quasars, mounting observational evidence has accumulated that black holes indeed exist in nature. In this paper, I present a theoretical and numerical (Monte Carlo) fully relativistic 4-D…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Reva Kay Williams

Black holes can accumulate a large amount of energy, responsible for highly energetic astrophysical phenomena Recently, fast magnetic reconnection (MR) of the magnetic field was proposed as a new way to extract energy and in this paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-21 Amodio Carleo , Gaetano Lambiase , Leonardo Mastrototaro

Energy extraction from a rotating or charged black hole is one of fascinating issues in general relativity. The collisional Penrose process is one of such extraction mechanisms and has been reconsidered intensively since Banados, Silk and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-08-15 Ken-ichi Nakao , Hirotada Okawa , Kei-ichi Maeda

In the present paper, we explore various gravitational aspects such as energy extraction (via the Penrose process and Superradiance), particle collisions around a $\mathcal{N}=2$, $U(1)^2$ dyonic rotating black hole (BH) in the gauged…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-03-11 Anik Rudra , Hemwati Nandan , Radouane Gannouji , Soham Chakraborty , Arindam Kumar Chatterjee

While theoretically established for decades, the Penrose process - energy extraction from rotating black holes - still lacks clear observational evidence. A promising theoretical framework posits magnetic reconnection in the ergosphere as a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-03 Zhixing Zhao , Zhong-Ying Fan , Xiaobao Wang , Minyong Guo , Bin Chen

We investigate the geometry, dynamics, and collision mechanisms in the ergoregion of KerrNewman-AdS black hole influenced by quintessential energy. Particle splittings within the ergoregion are analyzed, demonstrating their role in energy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-21 K. Q. Abbasi , F. L. Carneiro , M. Z. A. Moughal

Blandford-Znajek (BZ) mechanism has usually been studied in the literature for accretion with considerably high angular momentum leading either to the formation of a cold Keplerian disc, or a hot and geometrically thick sub-Keplerian flow…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-30 Tapas K. Das , Bozena Czerny

The Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process is steady electromagnetic energy release from rotating black holes (BHs) along magnetic field lines threading them and widely believed to drive relativistic jets. This process is successfully demonstrated…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-18 Kenji Toma , Fumio Takahara , Masanori Nakamura