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Central to most applications involving monolayer graphene is its mechanical response under various stress states. To date most of the work reported is of theoretical nature and refers to tension and compression loading of model graphene.…

The exceptional mechanical properties of graphene have made it attractive for nano-mechanical devices and functional composite materials. Two key aspects of graphene's mechanical behavior are its elastic and adhesive properties. These are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-19 Scott Scharfenberg , D. Z. Rocklin , Cesar Chialvo , Richard L. Weaver , Paul M. Goldbart , Nadya Mason

We present the first Raman spectroscopic study of Bernal bilayer graphene flakes under uniaxial tension. Apart from a purely mechanical behavior in flake regions where both layers are strained evenly, certain effects stem from inhomogeneous…

Graphene research is currently one of the largest fields in condensed matter. Due to its unusual electronic spectrum with Dirac-like quasiparticles, and the fact that it is a unique example of a metallic membrane, graphene has properties…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-04-22 Antonio H. Castro Neto

Graphene is the nature's thinnest elastic membrane, with exceptional mechanical and electrical properties. We report the direct observation and creation of one-dimensional (1D) and 2D periodic ripples in suspended graphene sheets, using…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-07-28 Wenzhong Bao , Feng Miao , Zhen Chen , Hang Zhang , Wanyoung Jang , Chris Dames , Chun Ning Lau

Graphene layers are stable, hard, and relatively inert. We study how tensile stress affects $\sigma$ and $\pi$ bonds and the resulting change in the chemical activity. Stress affects more strongly $\pi$ bonds that can become chemically…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-13 P. L. de andres , J. A. Verges

Graphene is one of the stiffest known materials, with a Young's modulus of 1 TPa, making it an ideal candidate for use as a reinforcement in high-performance composites. However, being a one-atom thick crystalline material, graphene poses…

Materials Science · Physics 2010-07-13 L. Gong , I. A. Kinloch , R. J. Young , I. Riaz , R. Jalil , K. S. Novoselov

Thin membranes, such as monolayer graphene of monoatomic thickness, are bound to exhibit lateral buckling under uniaxial tensile loading that impairs its mechanical behaviour. In this work, we have developed an experimental device to…

This review presents the state of the art in strain and ripple-induced effects on the electronic and optical properties of graphene. It starts by providing the crystallographic description of mechanical deformations, as well as the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-08-22 Gerardo G. Naumis , Salvador Barraza-Lopez , Maurice Oliva-Leyva , Humberto Terrones

The intensity ratio between two major Raman bands in graphene is one of the most important information for physics of graphene and has been believed to represent various intrinsic properties of graphene without critical assessment of…

Biaxial compression of centimetre-scale graphene, freely standing on the surface of water is studied. Within this platform, we report full stress-strain compression of graphene identifying elastic and plastic deformations. The Young's…

Graphene is a mechanically robust 2D material promising for flexible optoelectronic applications. However, its electromagnetic properties under strain are experimentally poorly understood. Here we present the far-infrared transmission…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-05-22 Manisha Chhikara , Iaroslav Gaponenko , Patrycja Paruch , Alexey. B. Kuzmenko

As mechanical structures enter the nanoscale regime, the influence of van der Waals forces increases. Graphene is attractive for nanomechanical systems because its Young's modulus and strength are both intrinsically high, but the mechanical…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Steven P. Koenig , Narasimha G. Boddeti , Martin L. Dunn , J. Scott Bunch

Raman spectroscopic studies of graphene have attracted much interest. The G-band Raman intensity of a single layer graphene on Si substrate with 300 nm SiO2 capping layer is surprisingly strong and is comparable to that of bulk graphite. To…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-13 Yingying Wang , Zhenhua Ni , Zexiang Shen , Haomin Wang , Yihong Wu

We present a molecular modeling study analyzing nanometer-scale strain variations in graphene as a function of externally applied tensile strain. We consider two different mechanisms that could underlie nanometer-scale strain variations:…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-05-30 G. J. Verbiest , C. Stampfer , S. E. Huber , M. Andersen , K. Reuter

We previously show [JETP Letters, {\bf 114}, 763 (2021)] that a graphene sample placed on a ferromagnetic substrate demonstrates a cooperative magnetoelectronic instability. The instability induces a gap in the electronic spectrum and a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-04-29 D. N. Dresviankin , A. V. Rozhkov , A. O. Sboychakov

Spatially nonuniform strain is important for engineering the pseudomagnetic field and band structure of graphene. Despite the wide interest in strain engineering, there is still a lack of control on device-compatible strain patterns due to…

We evaluate the optical reflectivity for a uniaxially strained graphene single layer between a SiO2 substrate and air. A tight binding model for the band dispersion of graphene is employed. As a function of the strain modulus and direction,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2010-01-04 F. M. D. Pellegrino , G. G. N. Angilella , R. Pucci

We examine the competition between adhesive and bending energies for few-layered graphene samples placed on rigid, microscale-corrugated substrates. Using atomic force microscopy, we show that the graphene undergoes a sharp "snap-through"…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-30 Scott Scharfenberg , Nikhita Mansukhani , Cesar Chialvo , Richard L. Weaver , Nadya Mason

Experiments are finally revealing intricate facts about graphene which go beyond the ideal picture of relativistic Dirac fermions in pristine two dimensional (2D) space, two years after its first isolation. While observations of rippling…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-13 Eun-Ah Kim , A. H. Castro Neto