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Competition for a limited resource is the hallmark of many complex systems, and often, that resource turns out to be the physical space itself. In this work, we study a novel model designed to elucidate the dynamics and emergence in complex…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-03-18 Ann Mary Mathew , V Sasidevan

Emergence and emergent behaviors are often defined as cases where changes in local interactions between agents at a lower level effectively changes what occurs in the higher level of the system (i.e., the whole swarm) and its properties.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Ricardo Vega , Connor Mattson , Daniel S. Brown , Cameron Nowzari

Robotic shepherding problem considers the control and navigation of a group of coherent agents (e.g., a flock of bird or a fleet of drones) through the motion of an external robot, called shepherd. Machine learning based methods have…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-20 Jixuan Zhi , Jyh-Ming Lien

Natural, social, and artificial multi-agent systems usually operate in dynamic environments, where the ability to respond to changing circumstances is a crucial feature. An effective collective response requires suitable information…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2022-09-29 David Mateo , Nikolaj Horsevad , Vahid Hassani , Mohammadreza Chamanbaz , Roland Bouffanais

In this paper, we present a machine learning approach to move a group of robots in a formation. We model the problem as a multi-agent reinforcement learning problem. Our aim is to design a control policy for maintaining a desired formation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-01-15 Abhay Rawat , Kamalakar Karlapalem

We investigate consensus formation and flocking behavior in multi-agent systems subject to two distinct types of delays: a transmission delay accounting for information exchange between agents, and a reaction delay representing the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Elisa Continelli , Jan Haskovec , Cristina Pignotti

In this paper, we present a model describing the collective motion of birds. The model introduces spontaneous changes in direction which are initialized by few agents, here referred as leaders, whose influence act on their nearest…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Giacomo Albi , Federica Ferrarese

Homophily and social influence are the fundamental mechanisms that drive the evolution of attitudes, beliefs and behaviour within social groups. Homophily relates the similarity between pairs of individuals' attitudinal states to their…

Physics and Society · Physics 2015-06-12 Jonathan Ward , Peter Grindrod

We study the large time behavior of a system of interacting agents modeling the relaxation of a large swarm of robots, whose task is to uniformly cover a portion of the domain by communicating with each other in terms of their distance. To…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-07-11 Ferdinando Auricchio , Massimo Carraturo , Giuseppe Toscani , Mattia Zanella

Field control provides a practical route to programmable active matter, yet how weak fields modify non-equilibrium coexistence and interfaces remains unclear. To address this, we study a minimal flocking model of active Potts particles…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-30 Mintu Karmakar , Matthieu Mangeat , Swarnajit Chatterjee , Heiko Rieger , Raja Paul

We present a simple discrete model for the non-linear spatial interaction of different kinds of ``subpopulations'' composed of identical moving entities like particles, bacteria, individuals, etc. The model allows to mimic a variety of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dirk Helbing , Tadeusz Platkowski

We study the collective dynamics of a lattice model of stochastically interacting agents with a weighted field of vision. We assume that agents preferentially interact with neighbours, depending on their relative location, through velocity…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2024-06-11 Shakti N. Menon , Trilochan Bagarti , Abhijit Chakraborty

Social Reinforcement Learning methods, which model agents in large networks, are useful for fake news mitigation, personalized teaching/healthcare, and viral marketing, but it is challenging to incorporate inter-agent dependencies into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-25 Mahak Goindani , Jennifer Neville

Starting from recent experimental observations of starlings and jackdaws, we propose a minimal agent-based mathematical model for bird flocks based on a system of second-order delayed stochastic differential equations with discontinuous…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2021-10-08 Emiliano Cristiani , Marta Menci , Marco Papi , Léonard Brafman

Using a minimal aggregation-based model, we address the efficient information transfer observed in natural flocks during collective turns. Specifically, we demonstrate that this feature can arise solely from the non-reciprocal nature of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-11-25 Joao Lizárraga , Marcus de Aguiar

Seamlessly interacting with humans or robots is hard because these agents are non-stationary. They update their policy in response to the ego agent's behavior, and the ego agent must anticipate these changes to co-adapt. Inspired by humans,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-16 Annie Xie , Dylan P. Losey , Ryan Tolsma , Chelsea Finn , Dorsa Sadigh

Conversational AI agents are commonly applied within single-user, turn-taking scenarios. The interaction mechanics of these scenarios are trivial: when the user enters a message, the AI agent produces a response. However, the interaction…

In this paper, we present an original set of flocking rules using an ecologically-inspired paradigm for control of multi-robot systems. We translate these rules into a constraint-driven optimal control problem where the agents minimize…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Logan E. Beaver , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Fuelled by a desire for greater connectivity, networked systems now pervade our society at an unprecedented level that will affect it in ways we do not yet understand. In contrast, nature has already developed efficient networks that can…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Ruaridh Clark , Giuliano Punzo , Malcolm Macdonald

Collective behavior, and swarm formation in particular, has been studied from several perspectives within a large variety of fields, ranging from biology to physics. In this work, we apply Projective Simulation to model each individual as…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-01-27 Andrea López-Incera , Katja Ried , Thomas Müller , Hans J. Briegel