Related papers: Cyclotrons for Particle Therapy
The protection of accelerator equipment is as old as accelerator technology and was for many years related to high-power equipment. Examples are the protection of powering equipment from overheating (magnets, power converters, high-current…
Using laser accelerated protons or ions for various applications - for example in particle therapie or short-pulse radiographic diagnostics - requires an effective method of focusing and energy selection. We derive an analytical scaling for…
Clusters of galaxies are believed to be capable to accelerate protons at accretion shocks to energies exceeding 10^18 eV. At these energies, the losses caused by interactions of cosmic rays with photons of the Cosmic Microwave Background…
It has been shown that the use of a bent crystal with a variable curvature radius makes it possible to reduce the fraction of dechanneled particles by an order of magnitude. This effect enables the strong reduction of the particle density…
In order to dissipate long-lived radioactive waste, not only high ux proton accelerator but also electron linac have been proposed. A proton accelerator directly induces nuclear fission and mutation. On the other hand, electron beam has two…
Collimation systems in particle accelerators are designed to dispose of unavoidable losses safely and efficiently during beam operation. Different roles are required for different types of accelerator. The present state of the art in beam…
The dipole mode synchrotron frequency is a basic beam parameter; it and a few similarly basic quantities measured at small time intervals serve to characterize the longitudinal beam dynamics throughout the acceleration cycle. The effective…
This report provides a first design for H2+ accelerators as the DAEdALUS neutrino sources. A description of all aspects of the system, from the ion source to the extracted beam, is provided. The analysis provides a first proof of principle…
Dielectric laser accelerators (DLAs) use the nearfields created when a laser pulse impinges on a dielectric structure to accelerate charged particles. We provide an overview of the theory of operation of photon driven accelerators, from…
In this chapter we explore a few examples of physics opportunities using the existing chain of accelerators at CERN, including potential upgrades. In this context the LHC ring is also considered as a part of the injector system. The…
Long pulse modulators are used to produce high-voltage, high-power pulses with durations of several hundred microseconds up to some milliseconds. The loads are one or more klystrons for producing RF power to accelerate the particle beam in…
Ion sources are a critical component of all particle accelerators. They create the initial beam that is accelerated by the rest of the machine. This paper will introduce the many methods of creating a beam for high-power hadron…
Particle accelerators support a wide array of scientific, industrial, and medical applications. To meet the needs of these applications, accelerator physicists rely heavily on detailed simulations of the complicated particle beam dynamics…
Laser accelerated protons can be a complimentary source for treatment of oncological diseases to the existing hadron therapy facilities. We demonstrate how the protons, accelerated from near-critical density plasmas by laser pulses having…
The development of instrumentation to be operated in high-radiation environments is one of the main challenges in fundamental research. Besides space and nuclear applications, particle physics experiments also need radiation-hard devices.…
We present a design for an atomic synchrotron consisting of 40 hybrid magnetic hexapole lenses arranged in a circle. We show that for realistic parameters, hydrogen atoms with a velocity up to 600 m/s can be stored in a 1-meter diameter…
This paper introduces the protection of circular particle accelerators from accidental beam losses. Already the energy stored in the beams for accelerators such as the TEVATRON at Fermilab and Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN could…
Kinetic approaches provide an effective description of the process of particle acceleration at shock fronts and allow to take into account the dynamical reaction of the accelerated particles as well as the amplification of the turbulent…
This paper presents the physical background for particle extraction from IHEP accelerator using short bent silicon crystals, analyses the results of the studies, considers in detail the regime of simultaneous work of crystal extraction and…
The design of a primary electron beam facility at CERN is described. The study has been carried out within the framework of the wider Physics Beyond Colliders study. It re-enables the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) as an electron…