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We observe 1.3~mm spectral lines at 2000~AU resolution toward four massive molecular clouds in the Central Molecular Zone of the Galaxy to investigate their star formation activities. We focus on several potential shock tracers that are…

Formaldehyde is a key precursor in the formation routes of many complex organic molecules (COMs) in space. It is also an intermediate step in CO hydrogenation sequence that leads to methanol formation on the surface of interstellar grains…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-02-04 A. F. Punanova , K. Borshcheva , G. S. Fedoseev , P. Caselli , D. S. Wiebe , A. I. Vasyunin

Starless molecular cores are natural laboratories for interstellar molecular chemistry research. The chemistry of ices in such objects was investigated with a three-phase (gas, surface, and mantle) model. We considered the center part of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-04-24 Juris Kalvans

We report the results of subparsec-scale submillimeter observations towards an embedded high-mass young stellar object in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) with ALMA. Complementary infrared data obtained with the AKARI satellite and the…

We present observations of Taurus-Auriga Class I/II protostars obtained with the Spitzer InfraRed Spectrograph. Detailed spectral fits to the 6 and 15 micron features are made, using publicly-available laboratory data, to constrain the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 G. Zasowski , F. Kemper , Dan M. Watson , E. Furlan , C. J. Bohac , C. Hull , J. D. Green

We analyze the dense gas kinematics in two Class 0/I protostellar cores, Per 30 and NGC 1333 IRAS 7, in the Perseus molecular cloud to determine whether their velocity structures are indicative of rotation. We examine the hyperfine…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-22 Erica Behrens , Adele Plunkett , Zhi-Yun Li

Sites associated with high-mass star and cluster formation exhibit a so-called hot core phase, characterized by high temperatures and column densities of complex organic molecules. We built a comprehensive census of hot core candidates…

We found that in regions of high mass star formation the CS emission correlates well with the dust continuum emission and is therefore a good tracer of the total mass while the N$_2$H$^+$ distribution is frequently very different. This is…

Linear C4H and cyclic c-C3H2, as small unsaturated hydrocarbons, are the key precursors to complex organic molecules and are critical components of the interstellar medium. We present on-the-fly mapping observations of C4H 9-8 lines, c-C3H2…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-12 Yijia Liu , Junzhi Wang , Ningyu Tang , Yajiang Lu , Donghui Quan , Juan Li , Kai Yang , Shu Liu , Yuqiang Li , Siqi Zheng , Chao Ou

We present a 3-mm and 1.3-cm spectral line survey conducted with the Mopra 22-m and Parkes 64-m radio telescopes of a sample of 40 cold dust cores, previously observed with BLAST, including both starless and proto-stellar sources. 20…

This paper presents a millimeter wavelength aperture-synthesis study of the spatial variations of the chemistry in the envelope around the deeply embedded low-mass protostar L483-mm on 1000 AU (5") scales. Lines of 8 molecular species…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jes K. Jorgensen

We report the detection of more than 120 emission lines corresponding to 8 complex organic molecules (CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, CH3OCH3, CH3OCHO, CH3COCH3, NH2CHO, CH2DCN, and CH3CH2CN) and 3 isotopologues (CH2DOH, 13CH3CN, and CH3C15N) toward the…

Our search for the earliest stages of massive star formation turned up twelve massive pre-protocluster candidates plus a few protoclusters. For this search, we selected 47 FIR-bright IRAS sources in the outer Galaxy. We mapped regions of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 R. Klein , B. Posselt , K. Schreyer , J. Forbrich , Th. Henning

[Abridged] $Context.$ Pre-stellar cores are centrally concentrated starless cores on the verge of star formation and they represent the initial conditions for star and planet formation. Pre-stellar cores host an active organic chemistry and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-12 P. Caselli , S. Spezzano , E. Redaelli , J. Harju , D. Arzoumanian , F. Lique , O. Sipilä , J. E. Pineda , E. Wirström , F. Wyrowski , A. Belloche

We present a near-IR survey for the visual multiples in the Orion molecular clouds region at separations between 100 and 1000 AU. These data were acquired at 1.6~$\mu$m with the NICMOS and WFC3 cameras on the Hubble Space Telescope.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-27 M. Kounkel , S. T. Megeath , C. A. Poteet , W. J. Fischer , L. Hartmann

Studying the physical and chemical processes leading to the formation of low-mass stars is crucial for understanding the origin of our Sun and the Solar System. In particular, analyzing the emission and absorption lines from molecules is a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-24 K. Angelique Kahle , Antonio Hernández-Gómez , Friedrich Wyrowski , Karl M. Menten

Sufficiently massive clumps of molecular gas collapse under self-gravity and fragment to spawn a cluster of stars that have a range of masses. We investigate observationally the early stages of formation of a stellar cluster in a massive…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Qizhou Zhang , Ke Wang , Xing Lu , Izaskun Jimenez-Serra

Acetic acid (CH$_3$COOH) has been detected mainly in hot molecular cores where the distribution between oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) containing molecular species is co-spatial within the telescope beam. Previous work has presumed that…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-18 Y. -S. Jerry Shiao , Leslie W. Looney , Anthony J. Remijan , Lewis E. Snyder , Douglas N. Friedel

We present the results of N2H+(1-0) observations of 35 dense molecular cloud cores from the northern and southern hemispheres where massive stars and star clusters are formed. Line emission has been detected in 33 sources, for 28 sources…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 L. Pirogov , I. Zinchenko , P. Caselli , L. E. B. Johansson , P. C. Myers

(Abridged) Using the Arecibo Observatory we have obtained neutral hydrogen (HI) absorption and emission spectral pairs in the direction of 26 background radio continuum sources in the vicinity of the Perseus molecular cloud. Strong…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-22 Snezana Stanimirovic , Claire E. Murray , Min-Young Lee , Carl Heiles , Jesse Miller