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We describe a theory amalgamating quantum theory and general relativity through the identification of a continuous 4-dimensional spacetime arena constructed from the substructures of a generalised multi-dimensional form for proper time. In…

General Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 David J. Jackson

Quantum gravity (or quantum spacetime) is to unify general relativity and quantum mechanics into a single theoretical framework and presented as the most important open puzzle in fundamental physics. The development of a microscopic theory…

General Physics · Physics 2025-10-24 Su-Peng Kou

This paper proposes a method of unifying quantum mechanics and gravity based on quantum computation. In this theory, fundamental processes are described in terms of pairwise interactions between quantum degrees of freedom. The geometry of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-11 Seth Lloyd

Familiar textbook quantum mechanics assumes a fixed background spacetime to define states on spacelike surfaces and their unitary evolution between them. Quantum theory has changed as our conceptions of space and time have evolved. But…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-06-09 James B. Hartle

In this paper, we propose a novel Quantum Spacetime Theory (QST) that reinterprets spacetime as an emergent structure, challenging the traditional block universe paradigm and aligning with research into emergent spacetime. Using a sphere…

General Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Craig Philpot

The space of states and operators for a large class of background independent theories of quantum spacetime dynamics is defined. The SU(2) spin networks of quantum general relativity are replaced by labelled compact two-dimensional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-25 Fotini Markopoulou , Lee Smolin

Quantum gravity is understood as a theory that, in some sense, unifies general relativity (GR) and quantum theory, and is supposed to replace GR at extremely small distances (high-energies). It may be that quantum gravity represents the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2014-10-02 Karen Crowther

A consistent quantum theory of gravity has remained elusive ever since the emergence of General Relativity and Quantum Field Theory. Attempts to date have not yielded a candidate that is either free from problematic theoretical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-03-26 Philip Tee

A number of recent proposals for a quantum theory of gravity are based on the idea that spacetime geometry and gravity are derivative concepts and only apply at an approximate level. There are two fundamental challenges to any such…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-23 Alioscia Hamma , Fotini Markopoulou

Tensor networks impose a notion of geometry on the entanglement of a quantum system. In some cases, this geometry is found to reproduce key properties of holographic dualities, and subsequently much work has focused on using tensor networks…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-10-04 Katharine Hyatt , James R. Garrison , Bela Bauer

We will highlight that despite there being various approaches to quantum gravity, there are universal approach-independent features of quantum gravity. The geometry of spacetime becomes an emergent structure, which emerges from some purely…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-04-04 Mir Faizal

Any acceptable quantum gravity theory must allow us to recover the classical spacetime in the appropriate limit. Moreover, the spacetime geometrical notions should be intrinsically tied to the behavior of the matter that probes them. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-07-03 Yuri Bonder , Chryssomalis Chryssomalakos , Daniel Sudarsky

The geometric formulation of quantum mechanics is a very interesting field of research which has many applications in the emerging field of quantum computation and quantum information, such as schemes for optimal quantum computers. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-24 Ole Andersson , Hoshang Heydari

Open quantum systems interacting with the environments often show interesting behaviors, such as decoherence, non-unitary evolution, dissipation, etc. It is interesting but still challenging to study the open quantum gravitation system…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-02 Hong Wang , Jin Wang

Inspired by the universality of computation, we advocate for a principle of spacetime complexity, where gravity arises as a consequence of spacetime optimizing the computational cost of its own quantum dynamics. This principle is explicitly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-12-14 Juan F. Pedraza , Andrea Russo , Andrew Svesko , Zachary Weller-Davies

Various extensions to Riemann geometry have been proposed since the inception of general relativity (GR). The aim has been and continues to be to construct a quantum and dynamic spacetime that incorporates the well-known classical (static)…

General Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 K. Mubaidin , D. Mukherjee , S. O. Allehabi , A. Alshehri , M. Nasar , A. Tawfik

The incompatibility between GR and QM is generally seen as a sufficient motivation for the development of a theory of Quantum Gravity. If - so a typical argumentation - QM gives a universally valid basis for the description of all natural…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-02-03 Reiner Hedrich

We remark the importance of adding suitable pre-geometric content to tensor models, obtaining what has recently been called tensorial group field theories, to have a formalism that could describe the structure and dynamics of quantum…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-11-27 Daniele Oriti

We describe how a model of effective interactions between quantum fluctuations under certain assumptions can be constructed in a way so that the large-scale limit gives an effective theory that matches general relativity in vacuum regions.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-11 Anna Karlsson

Theories of emergent gravity have established a deep connection between entropy and the geometry of spacetime by looking at the latter through a thermodynamic lens. In this framework, the macroscopic properties of gravity arise in a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-01 Valeria Rossi , Sergio Luigi Cacciatori , Alessandro Pesci
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