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Knowledge of the molecular component of the ISM is fundamental to understand star formation. The H2 component appears to dominate the gas mass in the inner parts of galaxies, while the HI component dominates in the outer parts. Observation…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 F. Combes

We present an investigation of small-scale-structure in the distribution of large molecules/dust in the interstellar medium through observations of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs). High signal-to-noise optical spectra were recorded…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-12 Martin A. Cordiner , Stephen J. Fossey , Arfon M. Smith , Peter J. Sarre

We examine observational characteristics of multi-phase turbulent flows in the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) using a synthetic radiation field of atomic and molecular lines. We consider the multi-phase ISM which is formed by thermal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 M. Yamada , H. Koyama , K. Omukai , S. Inutsuka

We present an extended analysis of the high dispersion IUE spectra of SN 1993J in M81, based on the improved data in the IUE final archive. Eight interstellar absorption components can be identified in the velocity range from -200 km/s to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ole Marggraf , Klaas S. de Boer

We present a new observational study of the CO(1-0) line emission as an H2 gas mass tracer under extreme conditions in extragalactic environments. Our approach is to study the full neutral interstellar medium (H2, HI and dust) of two…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Ming Zhu , Padeli P. Papadopoulos , Emmanuel M. Xilouris , Nario Kuno , Ute Lisenfeld

The intracluster medium (ICM) in the far outskirts (r $>$ 2-3 R$_{200}$) of galaxy clusters interfaces with the intergalactic medium (IGM) and is theorized to comprise diffuse, multiphase gas. This medium may hold vital clues to clusters'…

"Diffuse" gamma rays consist of several components: truly diffuse emission from the interstellar medium, the extragalactic background, whose origin is not firmly established yet, and the contribution from unresolved and faint Galactic point…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-24 I. V. Moskalenko , A. W. Strong , O. Reimer

To investigate the interstellar medium (ISM) and Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) in the solar neighborhood, we analyzed ${\gamma}$-ray data by Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) for five nearby molecular cloud regions. Our data includes the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-23 Tsunefumi Mizuno , Katsuhiro Hayashi , Hinako Ochi , Igor V. Moskalenko , Elena Orlando , Andrew W. Strong

With the recent radioastronomical detection of cis-trans-carbonic acid (H$_2$CO$_3$) in a molecular cloud toward the galactic center, the more stable but currently unobserved cis-cis conformer is shown here to have strong IR features. While…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-01-25 Ryan C. Fortenberry , Vincent J. Esposito

We present measurements of the 3.4-micron hydrocarbon dust absorption feature, and four visual diffuse interstellar bands, for twelve highly reddened (9.0<A(V)<15.8), early-type stars identified from the Stephenson (1992) catalogue,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 M. G. Rawlings , A. J. Adamson , D. C. B. Whittet

We present a spectroscopic and imaging analysis of the $z_{gal} \approx 1.1334$ ultra-strong MgII absorption system identified in the $VLT$/UVES spectrum of a background quasar located at $\rho \approx 18$ kpc from a star-forming galaxy.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-12-11 Purvi Udhwani , Sameer , Anand Narayanan , Sowgat Muzahid , Jane Charlton , Sebastiano Cantalupo

We report a tentative correlation between the outflow characteristics derived from OH absorption at $119\,\mu\text{m}$ and [CII] emission at $158\,\mu\text{m}$ in a sample of 22 local and bright ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). For…

The study of galaxy evolution using quasar absorption lines requires an understanding of what components of galaxies and their surroundings are contributing to the absorption in various transitions. This paper considers the kinematic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 Jane C. Charlton , Christopher W. Churchill

We present a comprehensive analysis of the multi-phase structure of the interstellar medium (ISM) and the stellar kinematics in the edge-on nearby galaxy UGC 10205 using integral field spectroscopy (IFS) data taken with MEGARA at the GTC.…

Our current understanding of the absorption and emission properties of interstellar grains are reviewed. The constraints placed by the Kramers-Kronig relation on the wavelength-dependence and the maximum allowable quantity of the dust…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Aigen Li

The Galactic Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) is a region containing massive and dense molecular clouds, with dynamics driven by a variety of energy sources including a massive black hole. It is thus the nearest template for understanding…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-16 W. D. Langer , T. Velusamy , M. R. Morris , P. F. Goldsmith , J. L. Pineda

We investigate the kinematics and dynamics of the molecular and ionized gas in the host galaxies of three Palomar-Green quasars at low redshifts, benefiting from the archival millimeter-wave interferometric and optical integral field unit…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2024-09-25 Qinyue Fei , Ran Wang , Juan Molina , Luis C. Ho , Jinyi Shangguan , Franz E. Bauer , Ezequiel Treister

While the best tracer of the molecular component and its dynamics in galaxies is the CO molecule, which excitation is revealed by its isotopic and (2-1)/(1-0) ratios, the denser gas is revealed by molecules such as HCN, HNC, HCO+ or CN,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-09-25 F. Combes

Diffuse and translucent molecular clouds fill a vast majority of the interstellar space in the galactic disk being thus the most typical objects of the Interstellar Medium (ISM). Recent advances in observational techniques of modern optical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2013-04-18 T. Weselak

High quality archival spectra of interstellar absorption from C I toward 9 stars, taken with the Goddard High Resolution Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, were analyzed. Our sample was supplemented by two sight lines, 23 Ori and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. Zsargo , S. R. Federman