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Related papers: Probabilistic entailment and iterated conditionals

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Three events in a probability space form a conjunctive fork if they satisfy specific constraints on conditional independence and covariances. Patterns of conjunctive forks within collections of events are characterized by means of systems…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-30 Vašek Chvátal , František Matúš , Yori Zwólš

We develop a synthesis of orthomodular logic (projections as propositions) with operator fixed-point theory in Hilbert spaces. First, we introduce an anchored implication connective $A \Rightarrow^{\mathrm{comm}}_{P} B$, defined…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-13 Faruk Alpay , Bugra Kilictas , Taylan Alpay

We propose a combination of probabilistic reasoning from conditional constraints with approaches to default reasoning from conditional knowledge bases. In detail, we generalize the notions of Pearl's entailment in system Z, Lehmann's…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Thomas Lukasiewicz

Conditionals play a key role in different areas of logic and probabilistic reasoning, and they have been studied and formalized from different angles. In this paper we focus on the de Finetti's notion of conditional as a three-valued…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-05-09 Tommaso Flaminio , Angelo Gilio , Lluis Godo , Giuseppe Sanfilippo

We make a probabilistic analysis related to some inference rules which play an important role in nonmonotonic reasoning. In a coherence-based setting, we study the extensions of a probability assessment defined on $n$ conditional events to…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-07-19 Angelo Gilio , Giuseppe Sanfilippo

In this paper, we introduce and develop the concept of conditional quantization for Borel probability measures on $\mathbb{R}^k,$ considering both constrained and unconstrained frameworks. For each setting, we define the associated…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Megha Pandey , Mrinal Kanti Roychowdhury

In this work we first illustrate the subjective theory of de Finetti. We recall the notion of coherence for both the betting scheme and the penalty criterion, by considering the unconditional and conditional cases. We show the equivalence…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-24 Angelo Gilio , Giuseppe Sanfilippo

The definition of the conditional probability is very important in the theory of the probability. This definition is based on the fact, that random events can be simultaneously measurable. This paper deal with the problem of conditioning…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Olga Nanasiova

This paper develops a trivalent semantics for the truth conditions and the probability of the natural language indicative conditional. Our framework rests on trivalent truth conditions first proposed by W. Cooper and yields two logics of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-01 Paul Égré , Lorenzo Rossi , Jan Sprenger

In this paper, we study the three-term nested recurrence relation $B(n)=B(n-B(n-1))+B(n-B(n-2))+B(n-B(n-3))$ subject to initial conditions where the first $N$ terms are the integers $1$ through $N$. This recurrence is the three-term analog…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Nathan Fox

We present probabilistic logic programming under inheritance with overriding. This approach is based on new notions of entailment for reasoning with conditional constraints, which are obtained from the classical notion of logical entailment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-14 Thomas Lukasiewicz

We establish finite-step probabilistic upper bounds on the contraction ratios $\rho_k = \Delta_{k+1}/\Delta_k$ for iterated Pearson correlation dynamics. Let $(P_k)_{k\ge 0}$ be the sequence generated by the Pearson update. Define $\Delta_k…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Ishrak AlhajjHassan

We define a class of Separation Logic formulae, whose entailment problem: given formulae $\phi, \psi_1, \ldots, \psi_n$, is every model of $\phi$ a model of some $\psi_i$? is 2EXPTIME-complete. The formulae in this class are existentially…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Mnacho Echenim , Radu Iosif , Nicolas Peltier

The classical causal relations between a set of variables, some observed and some latent, can induce both equality constraints (typically conditional independences) as well as inequality constraints (Instrumental and Bell inequalities being…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-11 Shashaank Khanna , Marina Maciel Ansanelli , Matthew F. Pusey , Elie Wolfe

We study the complexity of satisfiability problems in probabilistic and causal reasoning. Given random variables $X_1, X_2,\ldots$ over finite domains, the basic terms are probabilities of propositional formulas over atomic events $X_i =…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Markus Bläser , Julian Dörfler , Maciej Liśkiewicz , Benito van der Zander

Several procedures have been recently proposed to test the simplifying assumption for conditional copulas. Instead of considering pointwise conditioning events, we study the constancy of the conditional dependence structure when some…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-24 Alexis Derumigny , Jean-David Fermanian , Aleksey Min

The main result presented in this article is that probability can fundamentally be characterized as a subset of conditional expectation induced by a plausible preorder on random quantities. This is justified by the fact that probability is…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-06-14 Ladislav Mečíř

We study the connection between probability distributions satisfying certain conditional independence (CI) constraints, and point and line arrangements in incidence geometry. To a family of CI statements, we associate a polynomial ideal…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2021-04-01 Oliver Clarke , Fatemeh Mohammadi , Harshit J. Motwani

For an exchangeable Bernoulli sequence with de Finetti mixing measure Pi, the k-step predictive probability P(X_{n+1}=...=X_{n+k}=0 | F_n) equals the posterior expectation E[(1-theta)^k | F_n]. By binomial expansion, this depends on all…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-02 Nicholas G. Polson , Daniel Zantedeschi

We extend a result of Lyons (2016) from fractional tiling of finite graphs to a version for infinite random graphs. The most general result is as follows. Let $\bf P$ be a unimodular probability measure on rooted networks $(G, o)$ with…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-04 Russell Lyons