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We introduce a new class of heavy-tailed distributions for which any weighted average of independent and identically distributed random variables is larger than one such random variable in (usual) stochastic order. We show that many…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-18 Yuyu Chen , Seva Shneer

(The third edition corrects minor typos and adds 3 chapters synthesized from published papers plus an appendix on maximum entropy distributions.) The monograph investigates the misapplication of conventional statistical techniques to fat…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-09-18 Nassim Nicholas Taleb

We propose a nonparametric estimator of the empirical distribution function (EDF) of the latent spot variance of the log-price of a financial asset. We show that over a fixed time span our realized EDF (or REDF) -- inferred from noisy…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-01-29 Kim Christensen , Martin Thyrsgaard , Bezirgen Veliyev

Arguably the most important problem in quantitative finance is to understand the nature of stochastic processes that underlie market dynamics. One aspect of the solution to this problem involves determining characteristics of the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Kevin E. Bassler , Joseph L. McCauley , Gemunu H. Gunaratne

Estimating volatility from recent high frequency data, we revisit the question of the smoothness of the volatility process. Our main result is that log-volatility behaves essentially as a fractional Brownian motion with Hurst exponent H of…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2014-10-14 Jim Gatheral , Thibault Jaisson , Mathieu Rosenbaum

Forecasting the volatility of financial assets is essential for various financial applications. This paper addresses the challenging task of forecasting the volatility of financial assets with limited historical data, such as new issues or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Andreas Teller , Uta Pigorsch , Christian Pigorsch

Heavy-tailed probability distributions are extremely useful and play a crucial role in modeling different types of financial data sets. This study presents a two-pronged methodology. First, a mixture probability distribution is created by…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-14 Pankaj Kumar , Vivek Vijay

Since the turn of the century, there has been increased interest in the application of heavy-tailed distributions, particularly stable distributions, to problems in physics and finance. Although, the tails of stable distributions provide a…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-08 Lev B. Klebanov , Lenka Slámová

We use a series of pre-registered, incentive-compatible online experiments to investigate how people evaluate and choose among different waiting time distributions. Our main findings are threefold. First, consistent with prior literature,…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-09 Evgeny Kagan , Kyle Hyndman , Andrew Davis

Low-frequency historical data, high-frequency historical data and option data are three major sources, which can be used to forecast the underlying security's volatility. In this paper, we propose two econometric models, which integrate…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2019-07-08 Huiling Yuan , Yong Zhou , Zhiyuan Zhang , Xiangyu Cui

Working on different aspects of algorithmic trading we empirically discovered a new market invariant. It links together the volatility of the instrument with its traded volume, the average spread and the volume in the order book. The…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2019-08-14 Oleh Danyliv , Bruce Bland

In order to account for large variance and fat tail of damage by natural disaster, we study a simple model by combining distributions of disaster and population/property with their spatial correlation. We assume fat-tailed or power-law…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-24 Hang-Hyun Jo , Yu-li Ko

The analysis of Tables of particle properties shows that the probability distribution of the results of physical measurements is far from the conventional Gaussian $\rho(\xi)=exp(-\xi^2/2) $, but is more likely to follow the simple…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 A. P. Bukhvostov

Our article considers a regression model with observed factors. The observed factors have a flexible stochastic volatility structure that has separate dynamics for the volatilities and the correlation matrix. The correlation matrix of the…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2011-07-14 Yu-Cheng Ku , Peter Bloomfield , Robert Kohn

With uncertain changes of the economic environment, macroeconomic downturns during recessions and crises can hardly be explained by a Gaussian structural shock. There is evidence that the distribution of macroeconomic variables is skewed…

Econometrics · Economics 2021-05-25 Sune Karlsson , Stepan Mazur , Hoang Nguyen

We study an extension of the Heston stochastic volatility model that incorporates rough volatility and jump clustering phenomena. In our model, named the rough Hawkes Heston stochastic volatility model, the spot variance is a rough…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2022-10-25 Alessandro Bondi , Sergio Pulido , Simone Scotti

Empirical likelihood is a well-known nonparametric method in statistics and has been widely applied in statistical inference. The method has been employed by Lu and Peng (2002) to constructing confidence intervals for the tail index of a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-19 Yizeng Li , Yongcheng Qi

It is well known that the distribution of returns from various financial instruments are leptokurtic, meaning that the distributions have "fatter tails" than a Normal distribution, and have skew toward zero. This paper presents a graceful…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2013-04-03 Ben Klemens

Heavy-tailed distributions are found throughout many naturally occurring phenomena. We have reviewed the models of stochastic dynamics that lead to heavy-tailed distributions (and power law distributions, in particular) including the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2011-05-09 Ph. Blanchard , T. Krueger , D. Volchenkov

Although stochastic volatility and GARCH (generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity) models have successfully described the volatility dynamics of univariate asset returns, extending them to the multivariate models with…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-10-09 Yuta Yamauchi , Yasuhiro Omori