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We propose a new kind of embedding for natural language text that deeply represents semantic meaning. Standard text embeddings use the outputs from hidden layers of a pretrained language model. In our method, we let a language model learn…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Oleg Vasilyev , John Bohannon

Word embeddings are a popular way to improve downstream performances in contemporary language modeling. However, the underlying geometric structure of the embedding space is not well understood. We present a series of explorations using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Hongwei , Zhou , Oskar Elek , Pranav Anand , Angus G. Forbes

Semantic vector embedding techniques have proven useful in learning semantic representations of data across multiple domains. A key application enabled by such techniques is the ability to measure semantic similarity between given data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Shalisha Witherspoon , Dean Steuer , Graham Bent , Nirmit Desai

Distributed representations of words learned from text have proved to be successful in various natural language processing tasks in recent times. While some methods represent words as vectors computed from text using predictive model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Abhik Jana , Pawan Goyal

We develop a family of techniques to align word embeddings which are derived from different source datasets or created using different mechanisms (e.g., GloVe or word2vec). Our methods are simple and have a closed form to optimally rotate,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Sunipa Dev , Safia Hassan , Jeff M. Phillips

Distributional semantic models capture word-level meaning that is useful in many natural language processing tasks and have even been shown to capture cognitive aspects of word meaning. The majority of these models are purely text based,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Danny Merkx , Stefan L. Frank , Mirjam Ernestus

Multilingual contextual embeddings, such as multilingual BERT and XLM-RoBERTa, have proved useful for many multi-lingual tasks. Previous work probed the cross-linguality of the representations indirectly using zero-shot transfer learning on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-01 Jindřich Libovický , Rudolf Rosa , Alexander Fraser

User generated 3D shapes in online repositories contain rich information about surfaces, primitives, and their geometric relations, often arranged in a hierarchy. We present a framework for learning representations of 3D shapes that reflect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Gopal Sharma , Evangelos Kalogerakis , Subhransu Maji

Learning word embeddings using distributional information is a task that has been studied by many researchers, and a lot of studies are reported in the literature. On the contrary, less studies were done for the case of multiple languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Marco Berlot , Evan Kaplan

This paper introduces embComp, a novel approach for comparing two embeddings that capture the similarity between objects, such as word and document embeddings. We survey scenarios where comparing these embedding spaces is useful. From those…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Florian Heimerl , Christoph Kralj , Torsten Möller , Michael Gleicher

Ambiguity is ubiquitous in natural language. Resolving ambiguous meanings is especially important in information retrieval tasks. While word embeddings carry semantic information, they fail to handle ambiguity well. Transformer models have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Matthias Thurnbauer , Johannes Reisinger , Christoph Goller , Andreas Fischer

Deep metric learning is often used to learn an embedding function that captures the semantic differences within a dataset. A key factor in many problem domains is how this embedding generalizes to new classes of data. In observing many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Xiaotong Liu , Hong Xuan , Zeyu Zhang , Abby Stylianou , Robert Pless

To obtain insights from event data, advanced process mining methods assess the similarity of activities to incorporate their semantic relations into the analysis. Here, distributional similarity that captures similarity from activity…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Henrik Kirchmann , Stephan A. Fahrenkrog-Petersen , Xixi Lu , Matthias Weidlich

Recent advancements in language representation learning primarily emphasize language modeling for deriving meaningful representations, often neglecting style-specific considerations. This study addresses this gap by creating generic,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Phil Ostheimer , Marius Kloft , Sophie Fellenz

Text embeddings from large language models (LLMs) have achieved excellent results in tasks such as information retrieval, semantic textual similarity, etc. In this work, we show an interesting finding: when feeding a text into the LLM-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Zhijie Nie , Richong Zhang , Zhanyu Wu

Euclidean embeddings of data are fundamentally limited in their ability to capture latent semantic structures, which need not conform to Euclidean spatial assumptions. Here we consider an alternative, which embeds data as discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Charlie Frogner , Farzaneh Mirzazadeh , Justin Solomon

We approach the problem of generalizing pre-trained word embeddings beyond fixed-size vocabularies without using additional contextual information. We propose a subword-level word vector generation model that views words as bags of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Jinman Zhao , Sidharth Mudgal , Yingyu Liang

Assessing the degree of semantic relatedness between words is an important task with a variety of semantic applications, such as ontology learning for the Semantic Web, semantic search or query expansion. To accomplish this in an automated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-05-25 Thomas Niebler , Martin Becker , Christian Pölitz , Andreas Hotho

Neural approaches to learning term embeddings have led to improved computation of similarity and ranking in information retrieval (IR). So far neural representation learning has not been extended to meta-textual information that is readily…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Toshitaka Kuwa , Shigehiko Schamoni , Stefan Riezler

Text embeddings are useful features in many applications such as semantic search and computing text similarity. Previous work typically trains models customized for different use cases, varying in dataset choice, training objective and…