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Keyword spotting (KWS) on mobile devices generally requires a small memory footprint. However, most current models still maintain a large number of parameters in order to ensure good performance. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Shenghua Hu , Jing Wang , Yujun Wang , Lidong Yang , Wenjing Yang

Teacher-student (T/S) has shown to be effective for domain adaptation of deep neural network acoustic models in hybrid speech recognition systems. In this work, we extend the T/S learning to large-scale unsupervised domain adaptation of an…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-08 Zhong Meng , Jinyu Li , Yashesh Gaur , Yifan Gong

Self-supervised pre-training is an effective approach to leveraging a large amount of unlabelled data to reduce word error rates (WERs) of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. Since it is impractical to use large pre-trained models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-03 Xiaoyu Yang , Qiujia Li , Philip C. Woodland

Keyword Spotting (KWS) models on embedded devices should adapt fast to new user-defined words without forgetting previous ones. Embedded devices have limited storage and computational resources, thus, they cannot save samples or update…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Umberto Michieli , Pablo Peso Parada , Mete Ozay

Token-based text-to-speech (TTS) models have emerged as a promising avenue for generating natural and realistic speech, yet they grapple with low pronunciation accuracy, speaking style and timbre inconsistency, and a substantial need for…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chunhui Wang , Chang Zeng , Bowen Zhang , Ziyang Ma , Yefan Zhu , Zifeng Cai , Jian Zhao , Zhonglin Jiang , Yong Chen

Keyword Spotting (KWS) remains challenging to achieve the trade-off between small footprint and high accuracy. Recently proposed metric learning approaches improved the generalizability of models for the KWS task, and 1D-CNN based KWS…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-08-13 Li Wang , Rongzhi Gu , Nuo Chen , Yuexian Zou

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems suffer considerably when source speech is corrupted with noise or room impulse responses (RIR). Typically, speech enhancement is applied in both mismatched and matched scenario training and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Shashi Kumar , Shakti P. Rath , Abhishek Pandey

Spoken Keyword Spotting (KWS) is the task of distinguishing between the presence and absence of a keyword in audio. The accuracy of a KWS model hinges on its ability to correctly classify examples close to the keyword and non-keyword…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Harry Zhang , Kurt Partridge , Pai Zhu , Neng Chen , Hyun Jin Park , Dhruuv Agarwal , Quan Wang

Keyword spotting (KWS) is one of the speech recognition tasks most sensitive to the quality of the feature representation. However, the research on KWS has traditionally focused on new model topologies, putting little emphasis on other…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Douglas Baptista de Souza , Khaled Jamal Bakri , Fernanda Ferreira , Juliana Inacio

Audio-driven talking face has attracted broad interest from academia and industry recently. However, data acquisition and labeling in audio-driven talking face are labor-intensive and costly. The lack of data resource results in poor…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Qi Chen , Ziyang Ma , Tao Liu , Xu Tan , Qu Lu , Xie Chen , Kai Yu

For personalized speech generation, a neural text-to-speech (TTS) model must be successfully implemented with limited data from a target speaker. To this end, the baseline TTS model needs to be amply generalized to out-of-domain data (i.e.,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Hyungchan Yoon , Changhwan Kim , Eunwoo Song , Hyun-Wook Yoon , Hong-Goo Kang

With the increasing prevalence of voice-activated devices and applications, keyword spotting (KWS) models enable users to interact with technology hands-free, enhancing convenience and accessibility in various contexts. Deploying KWS models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-29 Jonathan Svirsky , Uri Shaham , Ofir Lindenbaum

In the context of keyword spotting (KWS), the replacement of handcrafted speech features by learnable features has not yielded superior KWS performance. In this study, we demonstrate that filterbank learning outperforms handcrafted speech…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-27 Iván López-Espejo , Ram C. M. C. Shekar , Zheng-Hua Tan , Jesper Jensen , John H. L. Hansen

To segment a signal into blocks to be analyzed, few-shot keyword spotting (KWS) systems often utilize a sliding window of fixed size. Because of the varying lengths of different keywords or their spoken instances, choosing the right window…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-15 Kevin Wilkinghoff , Alessia Cornaggia-Urrigshardt

Benefiting from massive and diverse data sources, speech foundation models exhibit strong generalization and knowledge transfer capabilities to a wide range of downstream tasks. However, a limitation arises from their exclusive handling of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Pengcheng Guo , Xuankai Chang , Hang Lv , Shinji Watanabe , Lei Xie

Keyword spotting (KWS) is a crucial function enabling the interaction with the many ubiquitous smart devices in our surroundings, either activating them through wake-word or directly as a human-computer interface. For many applications, KWS…

Deep neural networks provide effective solutions to small-footprint keyword spotting (KWS). However, if training data is limited, it remains challenging to achieve robust and highly accurate KWS in real-world scenarios where unseen sounds…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-14 Menglong Xu , Shengqiang Li , Chengdong Liang , Xiao-Lei Zhang

Visual keyword spotting (KWS) is the problem of estimating whether a text query occurs in a given recording using only video information. This paper focuses on visual KWS for words unseen during training, a real-world, practical setting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-27 Themos Stafylakis , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

The goal of this work is to detect new spoken terms defined by users. While most previous works address Keyword Spotting (KWS) as a closed-set classification problem, this limits their transferability to unseen terms. The ability to define…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-02 Jaemin Jung , Youkyum Kim , Jihwan Park , Youshin Lim , Byeong-Yeol Kim , Youngjoon Jang , Joon Son Chung

We present a meta-learning approach for adaptive text-to-speech (TTS) with few data. During training, we learn a multi-speaker model using a shared conditional WaveNet core and independent learned embeddings for each speaker. The aim of…