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Autoformalization, the process of transforming informal mathematical language into formal specifications and proofs remains a difficult task for state-of-the-art (large) language models. Existing works point to competing explanations for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Willy Chan , Michael Souliman , Jakob Nordhagen , Brando Miranda , Elyas Obbad , Kai Fronsdal Sanmi Koyejo

This paper describes the design and implementation of mechanisms for light-weight inclusion of formal mathematics in informal mathematical writings, particularly in a Web-based setting. This is conceptually done in three stages: (i) by…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2012-07-12 Carst Tankink , Christoph Lange , Josef Urban

Reading of mathematical expression or equation in the document images is very challenging due to the large variability of mathematical symbols and expressions. In this paper, we pose reading of mathematical equation as a task of generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Ajoy Mondal , C. V. Jawahar

This paper outlines a conceptual framework for understanding recent developments in information retrieval and natural language processing that attempts to integrate dense and sparse retrieval methods. I propose a representational approach…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Jimmy Lin

Digital mathematical libraries assemble the knowledge of years of mathematical research. Numerous disciplines (e.g., physics, engineering, pure and applied mathematics) rely heavily on compendia gathered findings. Likewise, modern research…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2022-06-10 André Greiner-Petter , Howard S. Cohl , Abdou Youssef , Moritz Schubotz , Avi Trost , Rajen Dey , Akiko Aizawa , Bela Gipp

Math word problems form a natural abstraction to a range of quantitative reasoning problems, such as understanding financial news, sports results, and casualties of war. Solving such problems requires the understanding of several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-29 Subhro Roy , Dan Roth

Transformer based re-ranking models can achieve high search relevance through context-aware soft matching of query tokens with document tokens. To alleviate runtime complexity of such inference, previous work has adopted a late interaction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-30 Yingrui Yang , Yifan Qiao , Tao Yang

Transformer-based language models often achieve strong results on mathematical reasoning benchmarks while remaining fragile on basic numerical understanding and arithmetic operations. A central limitation is that numbers are processed as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Andreea Dutulescu , Stefan Ruseti , Mihai Dascalu

Recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence have introduced groundbreaking approaches to innovating next-generation semantic communication, which prioritizes conveying the meaning of a message rather than merely transmitting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Achintha Wijesinghe , Weiwei Wang , Suchinthaka Wanninayaka , Songyang Zhang , Zhi Ding

A significant amount of information in today's world is stored in structured and semi-structured knowledge bases. Efficient and simple methods to query them are essential and must not be restricted to only those who have expertise in formal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-31 Aishwarya Kamath , Rajarshi Das

Semantic parsing shines at analyzing complex natural language that involves composition and computation over multiple pieces of evidence. However, datasets for semantic parsing contain many factoid questions that can be answered from a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Alon Talmor , Mor Geva , Jonathan Berant

Portable Document Format (PDF) files are dominantly used for storing and disseminating scientific research, legal documents, and tax information. LaTeX is a popular application for creating PDF documents. Despite its advantages, LaTeX is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Nan Jiang , Shanchao Liang , Chengxiao Wang , Jiannan Wang , Lin Tan

Context of data points, which is usually defined as the other data points in a data set, has been found to play important roles in data representation and classification. In this paper, we study the problem of using context of a data point…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-19 Xuejie Liu , Jingbin Wang , Ming Yin , Benjamin Edwards , Peijuan Xu

Autoformalization is the task of automatically translating mathematical content written in natural language to a formal language expression. The growing language interpretation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), including in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Lan Zhang , Xin Quan , Andre Freitas

Excel is a pervasive yet often complex tool, particularly for novice users, where runtime errors arising from logical mistakes or misinterpretations of functions pose a significant challenge. While large language models (LLMs) offer…

The vocabulary mismatch problem is a long-standing problem in information retrieval. Semantic matching holds the promise of solving the problem. Recent advances in language technology have given rise to unsupervised neural models for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Kezban Dilek Onal , Ismail Sengor Altingovde , Pinar Karagoz , Maarten de Rijke

During the last decade we have witnessed an impressive development in so-called interpreted languages and computational environments such as Maple, Mathematica, IDL, Matlab etc. Problems which until recently were typically solved on…

Physics Education · Physics 2007-05-23 Arnt Inge Vistnes , M. Hjorth-Jensen

Communication systems to date primarily aim at reliably communicating bit sequences. Such an approach provides efficient engineering designs that are agnostic to the meanings of the messages or to the goal that the message exchange aims to…

We present a method to represent input texts by contextualizing them jointly with dynamically retrieved textual encyclopedic background knowledge from multiple documents. We apply our method to reading comprehension tasks by encoding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Mandar Joshi , Kenton Lee , Yi Luan , Kristina Toutanova

Conversational text-to-SQL aims at converting multi-turn natural language queries into their corresponding SQL (Structured Query Language) representations. One of the most intractable problems of conversational text-to-SQL is modelling the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Yuntao Li , Hanchu Zhang , Yutian Li , Sirui Wang , Wei Wu , Yan Zhang