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Grazing-angle scattering (GAS) is a type of Bragg scattering of waves in slanted non-uniform periodic gratings, when the diffracted order satisfying the Bragg condition propagates at a grazing angle with respect to the boundaries of a…

Optics · Physics 2007-05-23 D. K. Gramotnev , T. A. Nieminen

We consider a hypothetical observatory of ultra-high energy cosmic rays consisting of two surface detector arrays that measure independently electromagnetic and muon signals induced by air showers. Using the constant intensity cut method,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-04-08 Jakub Vícha , Petr Trávníček , Dalibor Nosek , Jan Ebr

It is anticipated that the Pierre Auger Observatory can be used to detect cosmic neutrinos of >10^19 eV that arrive at very large zenith angles. However showers created by neutrino interactions close to the detector must be picked out…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 M. Ave , J. A. Hinton , R. A. Vazquez , A. A. Watson , E. Zas

Extremely asymmetrical scattering (EAS) is a highly resonant type of Bragg scattering with a strong resonant increase of the scattered wave amplitude inside and outside the grating. EAS is realized when the scattered wave propagates…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-26 Timo A. Nieminen , Dmitri K. Gramotnev

The Telescope Array observatory utilizes fluorescence detectors and surface detectors to observe air showers produced by ultra high energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere. Cosmic ray events observed in this way are termed hybrid data.…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-05-11 Telescope Array Collaboration , R. U. Abbasi , M. Abe , T. Abu-Zayyad , M. Allen , R. Azuma , E. Barcikowski , J. W. Belz , D. R. Bergman , S. A. Blake , R. Cady , B. G. Cheon , J. Chiba , M. Chikawa , T. Fujii , K. Fujita , M. Fukushima , G. Furlich , T. Goto , W. Hanlon , M. Hayashi , Y. Hayashi , N. Hayashida , K. Hibino , K. Honda , D. Ikeda , N. Inoue , T. Ishii , R. Ishimori , H. Ito , D. Ivanov , S. M. Jeong , C. C. H. Jui , K. Kadota , F. Kakimoto , O. Kalashev , K. Kasahara , H. Kawai , S. Kawakami , S. Kawana , K. Kawata , E. Kido , H. B. Kim , J. H. Kim , J. H. Kim , S. Kishigami , S. Kitamura , Y. Kitamura , V. Kuzmin , M. Kuznetsov , Y. J. Kwon , B. Lubsandorzhiev , J. P. Lundquist , M. Machida , K. Martens , T. Matsuyama , J. N. Matthews , R. Mayta , M. Minamino , K. Mukai , I. Myers , K. Nagasawa , S. Nagataki , R. Nakamura , T. Nakamura , T. Nonaka , A. Nozato , H. Oda , S. Ogio , J. Ogura , M. Ohnishi , H. Ohoka , T. Okuda , Y. Omura , M. Ono , R. Onogi , A. Oshima , S. Ozawa , I. H. Park , M. S. Pshirkov , D. C. Rodriguez , G. Rubtsov , D. Ryu , H. Sagawa , R. Sahara , K. Saito , Y. Saito , N. Sakaki , N. Sakurai , L. M. Scott , T. Seki , K. Sekino , P. D. Shah , F. Shibata , T. Shibata , H. Shimodaira , B. K. Shin , H. S. Shin , J. D. Smith , P. Sokolsky , B. T. Stokes , S. R. Stratton , T. A. Stroman , T. Suzawa , Y. Takagi , Y. Takahashi , M. Takamura , M. Takeda , R. Takeishi , A. Taketa , M. Takita , Y. Tameda , H. Tanaka , K. Tanaka , M. Tanaka , S. B. Thomas , G. B. Thomson , P. Tinyakov , I. Tkachev , H. Tokuno , T. Tomida , S. Troitsky , Y. Tsunesada , K. Tsutsumi , Y. Uchihori , S. Udo , F. Urban , T. Wong , M. Yamamoto , R. Yamane , H. Yamaoka , K. Yamazaki , J. Yang , K. Yashiro , Y. Yoneda , S. Yoshida , H. Yoshii , Y. Zhezher , Z. Zundel

Radio detection of inclined air showers is currently receiving great attention. To exploit the potential, a suitable event reconstruction needs to be developed. The first step in this direction is the development of a model for the lateral…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 Tim Huege , Lukas Brenk , Felix Schlüter

In search for new methods of determining the primary energy spectrum of Cosmic Rays, the attention was paid to the density spectrum measurement. New methods available at present warrant an accurateness of conclusions derived from the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Aleksander Zawadzki , Tadeusz Wibig , Jerzy Gawin

The simulation of Cherenkov light lateral distribution function (CLLDF) in Extensive Air Showers (EAS) was performed by using the Monte Carlo CORSIKA code for configurations of Tunka-133 EAS Cherenkov array. This simulation was carried out…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-03 Marwah M. Abdulsttar , A. A. Al-Rubaiee

A new method of a primary cosmic particle energy measurement with the extensive air shower (EAS) technique has been developed by exploiting: a) the joint analysis of the shower size, obtained by the EAS-TOP array, and of the EAS Cherenkov…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. E. Korosteleva , L. A. Kuzmichev , V. V. Prosin , EAS-TOP COLLABORATION

The detection of extensive air showers (EAS) induced by cosmic rays via radio signals has undergone significant advancements in the last two decades. Numerous ultra-high energy cosmic ray experiments routinely capture radio pulses in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-14 Carlo S. Cruz Sanchez , Patricia M. Hansen , Matias Tueros , Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz , Diego G. Melo

The paper describes the techniques and method of registration of air shower radio emission at the Yakutsk array of extensive air showers at a frequency of 32 MHz. At this stage, emission registration involves two set of antennas, the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-30 I. Petrov , S. Knurenko , Z. Petrov

We present two new aspects of Extensive Air Shower (EAS) development universality allowing to make accurate estimation of muon and electromagnetic (EM) shower contents in two independent ways. In the first case, to get muon (or EM) signal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-07-27 A. Yushkov , M. Ambrosio , C. Aramo , D. D'Urso , F. Guarino , L. Valore

A new SPHERE seires complex extensive air showers detector is under development. The main goal of its mission is to study the mass composition of cosmic ray nuclei in the 1-100 PeV energy range at a new level. The already well-established…

Air shower universality states that the electromagnetic part of hadron-induced extensive air showers (EAS) can be completely described in terms of the primary energy and shower age. In addition, simulations show that the muon part is well…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-07-15 Fabian Schmidt , Maximo Ave , Lorenzo Cazon , Aaron Chou

We explore the feasibility of estimating primary cosmic ray composition at ultra high energies from the sum of muon, electron and photon densities and the depth of maximum of extensive air showers detected by the Auger Observatory. From the…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 Luiz Americo de Carvalho , Carola Dobrigkeit

Reflection of radio waves off the short-lived plasma produced by the high-energy shower particles in the air is simulated, considering various radar setups and shower geometries. We show that the plasma produced by air showers has to be…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-10 J. Stasielak , R. Engel , S. Baur , P. Neunteufel , R. Šmída , F. Werner , H. Wilczyński

At the Pierre Auger Observatory and the Telescope Array, the measurements of depths of maximum of air-shower profiles, $X_\mathrm{max}$, are performed using direct observations of the longitudinal development of showers with the help of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-05-20 Alexey Yushkov , Jose Bellido , John Belz , Vitor de Souza , William Hanlon , Daisuke Ikeda , Pierre Sokolsky , Yoshiki Tsunesada , Michael Unger

CHICOS (California HIgh school Cosmic ray ObServatory) is presently an array of more than 140 detectors distributed over a large area (~400 km^2) of southern California, and will consist of 180 detectors at 90 locations in the near future.…

This paper presents the set of measurements of ultra-high energy air shower radio emission at frequency 32 MHz in period of 2008-2012. The showers are selected by geomagnetic and azimuth angles and then by the energy in three intervals:…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-11-25 I. Petrov , S. Knurenko , Z. Petrov , V. Kozlov , M. Pravdin

Autonomous self-triggering for radio detection of extensive air showers remains a long-standing challenge, particularly in environments dominated by strong and variable radio-frequency interference. Current radio arrays usually rely on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-14 Qader Dorosti