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We develop the theory of irregular conformal blocks of the Virasoro algebra. In previous studies, expansions of irregular conformal blocks at regular singular points were obtained as degeneration limits of regular conformal blocks; however,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 Hajime Nagoya

We construct degeneration limits of vertex operators for the Virasoro algebra. Our method relies on the rearranged expansion of compositions of vertex operators together with their integral representations. Using this framework, we obtain a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Hajime Nagoya , Haruki Nakagawa

We prove a Fredholm determinant and short-distance series representation of the Painlev\'e V tau function $\tau(t)$ associated to generic monodromy data. Using a relation of $\tau(t)$ to two different types of irregular $c=1$ Virasoro…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-10-10 O. Lisovyy , H. Nagoya , J. Roussillon

We present a new systematic way to evaluate the classical limit of the Virasoro irregular conformal block for arbitrary rank n based on the irregular partition function. In addition, we prove that the classical irregular conformal block has…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-09-25 Chaiho Rim , Hong Zhang

This paper is based on my presentation at RIMS workshop on "Theory of Integrable Systems and Its Applications in Various Fields" held in Kyoto on 19--21, August 2015. The aim of the present paper is to give a short account of recent studies…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-11-29 Hajime Nagoya

In recent years, the Fourier series (Zak transform) structure of the Painlev\'e I tau function has emerged in multiple contexts. Its main building block admits several conjectural interpretations, such as the partition function of an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-06-19 Nikolai Iorgov , Kohei Iwaki , Oleg Lisovyy , Yurii Zhuravlov

Although irregular vectors for the Virasoro algebra are widely used in modern mathematical physics, a rigorous existence and uniqueness theorem in arbitrary rank has not been available in the literature. In this paper, we develop an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Hajime Nagoya

We construct the free field representation of irregular vertex operators of arbitrary rank which generates simultaneous eigenstates of positive modes of Virasoro and W symmetry generators. The irregular vertex operators turn out to be the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-05-11 Dimitri Polyakov , Chaiho Rim

The short-distance expansion of the tau function of the radial sine-Gordon/Painlev\'e III equation is given by a convergent series which involves irregular $c=1$ conformal blocks and possesses certain periodicity properties with respect to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-04-15 A. Its , O. Lisovyy , Yu. Tykhyy

We study irregular states of rank-two and three in Liouville theory, based on an ansatz proposed by D. Gaiotto and J. Teschner. Using these irregular states, we evaluate asymptotic expansions of irregular conformal blocks corresponding to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-02 Takahiro Nishinaka , Takahiro Uetoko

In this paper, extensions of nonunitary rational Virasoro vertex operator algebras corresponding to some exceptional modular invariants are constructed. The uniqueness of these extensions is also established.

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2018-11-07 Chunrui Ai , Chongying Dong , Xingjun Lin

In this paper, we introduce a notion of twisted restricted conformal blocks on totally ramified orbicurves and establish an isomorphism between the space of twisted restricted conformal blocks and the space of twisted conformal blocks. The…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-04-02 Xu Gao , Jianqi Liu , Yiyi Zhu

Classical Virasoro conformal blocks are believed to be directly related to accessory parameters of Floquet type in the Heun equation and some of its confluent versions. We extend this relation to another class of accessory parameter…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-11-24 O. Lisovyy , A. Naidiuk

Motivated by problems arising in the study of N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories we introduce and study irregular singularities in two-dimensional conformal field theory, here Liouville theory. Irregular singularities are associated to…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-04 Davide Gaiotto , Joerg Teschner

We perform a detailed study of a class of irregular correlators in Liouville Conformal Field Theory, of the related Virasoro conformal blocks with irregular singularities and of their connection formulae. Upon considering their…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-11-30 Giulio Bonelli , Cristoforo Iossa , Daniel Panea Lichtig , Alessandro Tanzini

We propose $q$-deformation of the Gamayun-Iorgov-Lisovyy formula for Painlev\'e $\tau$ function. Namely we propose formula for $\tau$ function for $q$-difference Painlev\'e equation corresponding to $A_7^{(1)}{}'$ surface (and $A_1^{(1)}$…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-01-03 M. A. Bershtein , A. I. Shchechkin

We study the relation of irregular conformal blocks with the Painlev\'e III$_3$ equation. The functional representation for the quasiclassical irregular block is shown to be consistent with the BPZ equations of conformal field theory and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-02-03 Pavlo Gavrylenko , Andrei Marshakov , Artem Stoyan

We propose a definition of irregular vertex operators in the H3+ WZW model. Our definition is compatible with the duality [1] between the H3+ WZW model and Liouville theory, and we provide the explicit map between correlation functions of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-01-24 Davide Gaiotto , Joel Lamy-Poirier

In 2012 Gamayun, Iorgov, Lisovyy conjectured an explicit expression for the Painlev\'e VI $\tau$~function in terms of the Liouville conformal blocks with central charge $c=1$. We prove that proposed expression satisfies Painlev\'e VI…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-12-31 M. A. Bershtein , A. I. Shchechkin

We introduce the notion of irregular vertex (operator) algebras. The irregular versions of fundamental properties, such as Goddard uniqueness theorem, associativity and operator product expansions are formulated and proved. We also give…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2019-08-08 Akishi Ikeda , Yota Shamoto
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