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This is the written version of a set of introductory lectures on string theory.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-02-03 E. Alvarez , P. Meessen

The purpose of this note is to give an accessible proof of Moliens Theorem in Invariant Theory, in the language of today's Linear Algebra and Group Theory, in order to prevent this beautiful theorem from being forgotten.

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2017-01-18 Holger Schellwat

Galois connections were introduced by Ore and have proved useful in a wide variety of mathematical areas. While Galois connections play on the ground of posets (or more generally of quasiordered sets or qosets), we extend this notion to…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2022-05-02 Paul Poncet

A series of lecture notes on the elementary theory of algebraic numbers, using only knowledge of a first-semester graduate course in algebra (primarily groups and rings). No prerequisite knowledge of fields is required. Based primarily on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-28 Steve Wright

A categorical theory for the discretization of a large class of dynamical systems with variable coefficients is proposed. It is based on the existence of covariant functors between the Rota category of Galois differential algebras and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Piergiulio Tempesta

These lecture notes concern information-theoretic notions of entropy. They are intended for, and have been successfully taught to, undergraduate students interested inresearch careers. Besides basic notions of analysis related to…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2018-06-20 Vojkan Jaksic

Since 1883, Picard-Vessiot theory had been developed as the Galois theory of differential field extensions associated to linear differential equations. Inspired by categorical Galois theory of Janelidze, and by using novel methods of…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Ivan Tomašić , Behrang Noohi

A simple pedagogical introduction to the Colombeau algebra of generalised functions is presented, leading the standard definition.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-08-02 Jonathan Gratus

The scope of this review is to give a pedagogical introduction to some new calculations and methods developed by the author in the context of quantum groups and their applications. The review is self- contained and serves as a "first aid…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-19 L. Mesref

We study and describe possibilities for arities of elementary theories and of their expansions. Links for arities with respect to Boolean algebras, to disjoint unions and to compositions of structures are shown. The dynamics for arities of…

Logic · Mathematics 2021-12-20 Sergey V. Sudoplatov

We give a presentation of abelian class field theory.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Subramanian

In this paper, we present methods to simplify reducible linear differential systems before solving. Classical integrals appear naturally as solutions of such systems. We will illustrate the methods developed in a previous paper on several…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2021-09-30 Thomas Dreyfus , Jacques-Arthur Weil

A very elementary introduction to quantum algebras is presented and a few examples of their physical applications are mentioned.

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 R. Jaganathan

This is the first chapter of an introductory text under construction; further chapters are available via the authors' web pages. Our aim is to provide an elementary access to Cox rings and their applications in algebraic and arithmetic…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-10-07 Ivan Arzhantsev , Ulrich Derenthal , Juergen Hausen , Antonio Laface

We develop a Galois theory of commutative rings under actions of finite inverse semigroups. We present equivalences for the definition of Galois extension as well as a Galois correspondence theorem. We also show how the theory behaves in…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Wesley G. Lautenschlaeger , Thaísa Tamusiunas

We develop Hopf-Galois theory for weak Hopf algebras, and recover analogs of classical results for Hopf algebras. Our methods are based on the recently introduced Galois theory for corings. We focus on the situatation where the weak Hopf…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2007-05-23 S. Caenepeel , E. De Groot

The general Galois theory for functions and relational constraints over arbitrary sets described in the authors' previous paper is refined by imposing algebraic conditions on relations.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-02-10 Miguel Couceiro , Stephan Foldes

We give an introduction to the theory of initial ideals and initial algebras with emphasis on the transfer of structural properties.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Winfried Bruns , Aldo Conca

These are lectures notes for the introductory graduate courses on geometric complexity theory (GCT) in the computer science department, the university of Chicago. Part I consists of the lecture notes for the course given by the first author…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-08-02 Ketan D. Mulmuley , Milind Sohoni

This is a first step guide to the theory of cluster algebras. We especially focus on basic notions, techniques, and results concerning seeds, cluster patterns, and cluster algebras.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-23 Tomoki Nakanishi