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The resource theory of quantum thermodynamics has been a very successful theory and has generated much follow-up work in the community. It requires energy-preserving unitary operations to be implemented over a system, bath, and catalyst as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-13 Mischa P. Woods , Michał Horodecki

When studying thermalization of quantum systems, it is typical to ask whether a system interacting with an environment will evolve towards a local thermal state. Here, we show that a more general and relevant question is "when does a system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-10 Lidia del Rio , Adrian Hutter , Renato Renner , Stephanie Wehner

In recent years we have witnessed a concentrated effort to make sense of thermodynamics for small-scale systems. One of the main difficulties is to capture a suitable notion of work that models realistically the purpose of quantum machines,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 R. Gallego , J. Eisert , H. Wilming

Thermodynamics imposes restrictions on what state transformations are possible. In the macroscopic limit of asymptotically many independent copies of a state---as for instance in the case of an ideal gas---the possible transformations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-14 Philippe Faist , Mario Berta , Fernando Brandão

We introduce the idea of weakly coherent collisional models, where the elements of an environment interacting with a system of interest are prepared in states that are approximately thermal, but have an amount of coherence proportional to a…

Quantum batteries, composed of quantum cells, are expected to outperform their classical analogs. The origin of such advantages lies in the role of quantum correlations, which may arise during the charging and discharging processes…

How can we perform a metrological task if only limited control over a quantum system is given? Here, we present systematic methods for conducting nonlinear quantum metrology in scenarios lacking a common reference frame. Our approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Satoya Imai , Otfried Gühne , Géza Tóth

One of the primary challenges in quantum chemistry is the accurate modeling of strong electron correlation. While multireference methods effectively capture such correlation, their steep scaling with system size prohibits their application…

Quantum batteries are quantum systems used to store energy to be later extracted by an external agent in the form of work to perform some task. Here we study the charging of a hybrid quantum battery via a collisional model mediated by an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Yohan Vianna de Almeida , Tiago F. F. Santos , Marcelo F. Santos

Quantum battery, as a novel energy storage device, offers the potential for unprecedented efficiency and performance beyond the capabilities of classical systems, with broad implications for future quantum technologies. Here, we…

We investigate fundamental connections between thermodynamics and quantum information theory. First, we show that the operational framework of thermal operations is nonequivalent to the framework of Gibbs-preserving maps, and we comment on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-07-13 Philippe Faist

The study of quantum reference frames (QRFs) is motivated by the idea of taking into account the quantum properties of the reference frames used, explicitly or implicitly, in our description of physical systems. Like classical reference…

Estimation of unknown qubit elementary gates and alignment of reference frames are formally the same problem. Using quantum states made out of $N$ qubits, we show that the theoretical precision limit for both problems, which behaves as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 E. Bagan , M. Baig , R. Munoz-Tapia

At present, many laboratories are performing experiments to simulate theoretical models of strongly correlated systems using cold atoms in optical lattices, a program referred to as "Quantum Simulation". It is hoped that these experiments…

Superconductivity · Physics 2016-11-07 Tin-Lun Ho , Qi Zhou

This document explores the potential of quantum computing in Thermal Science. Conceived as a living document, it will be continuously updated with experimental findings and insights for the research community in Thermal Science. By…

Quantum thermodynamics is a research field that aims at fleshing out the ultimate limits of thermodynamic processes in the deep quantum regime. A complete picture of quantum thermodynamics allows for catalysts, i.e., systems facilitating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-02 Nelly Huei Ying Ng , Laura Mančinska , Cristina Cirstoiu , Jens Eisert , Stephanie Wehner

Quantum batteries, as highly efficient energy storage devices, have garnered significant research interest. A key challenge in their development is to maximize the extractable energy (ergotropy) when operating within a finite-temperature…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-23 Y. Yao , X. Q. Shao

We study the modification of the second law of thermodynamics for a quantum system interacting with a reservoir regarding quantum coherence. The whole system is isolated so that neither energy nor information is lost. It is discovered that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-12 Yu-Han Ma , C. L. Liu , C. P. Sun

We discuss the application of techniques of quantum estimation theory and quantum metrology to thermometry. The ultimate limit to the precision at which the temperature of a system at thermal equilibrium can be determined is related to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Antonella De Pasquale , Thomas M. Stace

After a brief historical perspective, we introduce the key notions of work and heat for quantum systems, to then apply them to quantum engines operating on quantum Otto and Carnot cycles. The irreversible and dissipative character of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Camille L Latune