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Over the past three decades, describing the reality surrounding us using the language of complex networks has become very useful and therefore popular. One of the most important features, especially of real networks, is their complexity,…
The power spectrum S of linear transects of the earth's topography is often observed to be a power-law function of wave number k with exponent close to -2: S(k) is proportional to k^-2. In addition, river networks are fractal trees that…
Geometrical properties of landscapes result from the geological processes that have acted through time. The quantitative analysis of natural relief represents an objective form of aiding in the visual interpretation of landscapes, as…
We generalize the degree-organizational view of real-world networks with broad degree-distributions in a landscape analogue with mountains (high-degree nodes) and valleys (low-degree nodes). For example, correlated degrees between adjacent…
Several fundamental properties of real complex networks, such as the small-world effect, the scale-free degree distribution, and recently discovered topological fractal structure, have presented the possibility of a unique growth mechanism…
The network formed by ridges in a straightened sheet of crumpled paper is studied using a laser profilometer. Square sheets of paper were crumpled into balls, unfolded and their height profile measured. From these profiles the imposed…
We give exact relations for certain types of the hierarchic fractal structures. In the blatant distinction from regular networks of the "small world" (SW) topology [1], regular fractal networks manifests the logarithmic dependence of the…
Network architecture design is very important for the optimization of industrial networks. The type of network architecture can be divided into small-scale network and large-scale network according to its scale. Graph theory is an efficient…
River networks serve as a paradigmatic example of all branching networks. Essential to understanding the overall structure of river networks is a knowledge of their detailed architecture. Here we show that sub-branches are distributed…
We propose a mapping from fracture systems consisting of intersecting fracture sheets in three dimensions to an abstract network consisting of nodes and links. This makes it possible to analyze fracture systems with the methods developed…
The topology of any complex system is key to understanding its structure and function. Fundamentally, algebraic topology guarantees that any system represented by a network can be understood through its closed paths. The length of each path…
Understanding the structural complexity and predictability of complex networks is a central challenge in network science. Although recent studies have revealed a relationship between compression-based entropy and link prediction…
Network theory provides various tools for investigating the structural or functional topology of many complex systems found in nature, technology and society. Nevertheless, it has recently been realised that a considerable number of systems…
Each complex network (or class of networks) presents specific topological features which characterize its connectivity and highly influence the dynamics of processes executed on the network. The analysis, discrimination, and synthesis of…
A network can be analyzed at different topological scales, ranging from single nodes to motifs, communities, up to the complete structure. We propose a novel intermediate-level topological analysis that considers non-overlapping subgraphs…
We propose a new model to account for the main structural characteristics of rock fracture networks (RFNs). The model is based on a generalization of the random neighborhood graphs to consider fractures embedded into rectangular spaces. We…
The fractal nature of complex networks has received a great deal of research interest in the last two decades. Similarly to geometric fractals, the fractality of networks can also be defined with the so-called box-covering method. A network…
A model based on self-organizing nature of the surfaces is represented to capture the evolution of friction networks. Also, the curvatures of displacement fields are determined and critical curvature profiles are connected through links to…
The functional features of spatial networks depend upon a non-trivial relationship between the topological and physical structure. Here, we explore that relationship for spatial networks with radial symmetry and disordered fractal…
The comprehensive characterization of the structure of complex networks is essential to understand the dynamical processes which guide their evolution. The discovery of the scale-free distribution and the small world property of real…