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We study the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods games where, besides the classical strategies of cooperation (C) and defection (D), we consider punishing cooperators (PC) or punishing defectors (PD) as an additional strategy.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-08-04 Dirk Helbing , Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc , Gyorgy Szabo

Pro-social punishment and exclusion are common means to elevate the level of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Indeed, it is worth pointing out that the combined use of these two strategies is quite common across human societies.…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-12-27 Linjie Liu , Shengxian Wang , Xiaojie Chen , Matjaz Perc

Cooperation and competition are fundamental forces shaping both natural and human systems, yet their interplay remains poorly understood. The Prisoner's Dilemma Game (PDG) has long served as a foundational framework in Game Theory for…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-01 Alfonso de Miguel-Arribas , Chengbin Sun , Carlos Gracia-Lázaro , Yamir Moreno

From ant-acacia mutualism to performative conflict resolution among Inuit, dedicated punishments between distinct subsets of a population are widespread and can reshape the evolutionary trajectory of cooperation. Existing studies have…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-16 Sinan Feng , Genjiu Xu , Yu Chen , Chaoqian Wang , Attila Szolnoki

We simulate the prisoner's dilemma and hawk-dove games on a real social acquaintance network. Using a discrete analogue of replicator dynamics, we show that surprisingly high levels of cooperation can be achieved, contrary to what happens…

Physics and Society · Physics 2007-06-04 L. Luthi , E. Pestelacci , M. Tomassini

We study environments in which agents are randomly matched to play a Prisoner's Dilemma, and each player observes a few of the partner's past actions against previous opponents. We depart from the existing related literature by allowing a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2020-06-30 Yuval Heller , Erik Mohlin

An active participation of players in evolutionary games depends on several factors, ranging from personal stakes to the properties of the interaction network. Diverse activity patterns thus have to be taken into account when studying the…

Physics and Society · Physics 2017-01-25 Alberto Aleta , Sandro Meloni , Matjaz Perc , Yamir Moreno

We investigate the spatial distribution and the global frequency of agents who can either cooperate or defect. The agent interaction is described by a deterministic, non-iterated prisoner's dilemma game, further each agent only locally…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Frank Schweitzer , Laxmidhar Behera , Heinz Muehlenbein

The n-person Prisoner's Dilemma is a widely used model for populations where individuals interact in groups. The evolutionary stability of populations has been analysed in the literature for the case where mutations in the population may be…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Anders Eriksson , Kristian Lindgren

The evolution of cooperation among unrelated individuals in human and animal societies remains a challenging issue across disciplines. It is an important subject also in the evolutionary game theory to understand how cooperation arises. The…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-10-01 Norihito Toyota

We study an evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game with two layered graphs, where the lower layer is the physical infrastructure on which the interactions are taking place and the upper layer represents the connections for the strategy…

Physics and Society · Physics 2009-11-13 Zhi-Xi Wu , Ying-Hai Wang

We study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game where players are allowed to establish new interactions with others. By employing a simple coevolutionary rule entailing only two crucial parameters, we find that…

Physics and Society · Physics 2011-12-30 Chunyan Zhang , Jianlei Zhang , Guangming Xie , Long Wang , Matjaz Perc

Dense cooperative networks are an essential element of social capital for a prosperous society. These networks enable individuals to overcome collective action dilemmas by enhancing trust. In many biological and social settings, network…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2012-12-11 Yunkyu Sohn , Jung-Kyoo Choi , T. K. Ahn

Understanding the emergence of prosocial behaviours (e.g., cooperation and trust) among self-interested agents is an important problem in many disciplines. Network structure and institutional incentives (e.g., punishing antisocial agents)…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-03-29 Ik Soo Lim , Valerio Capraro

Situations of conflict giving rise to social dilemmas are widespread in society and game theory is one major way in which they can be investigated. Starting from the observation that individuals in society interact through networks of…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-11-24 Enea Pestelacci , Marco Tomassini , Leslie Luthi

We investigate evolutionary dynamics of altruism with long-range interaction on a cycle. The interaction between individuals is described by a simplified version of the prisoner's dilemma (PD) game in which the payoffs are parameterized by…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-01-30 Jiwon Bahk , Seung Ki Baek , Hyeong-Chai Jeong

In this work, we analyse the relationship between heterogeneity and cooperation. Previous investigations suggest that this relation is nontrivial, as some authors found that heterogeneity sustains cooperation, while others obtained…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-25 Marco A. Amaral , Marco A. Javarone

We compare the likelihood of different socially relevant features to allow the evolutionary emergence and maintenance of cooperation in a generalized variant of the iterated Prisoners Dilemma game. Results show that the average…

Physics and Society · Physics 2013-11-19 Claudia Montoreano , Klaus Jaffe

While traditional game models often simplify interactions among agents as static, real-world social relationships are inherently dynamic, influenced by both immediate payoffs and alternative information. Motivated by this fact, we introduce…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-11-25 Hongyu Yue , Xiaojin Xiong , Minyu Feng , Attila Szolnoki

We study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game, where besides unconditional cooperation and defection, tit-for-tat, win-stay-lose-shift and extortion are the five competing strategies. While pairwise imitation…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-07-02 Attila Szolnoki , Matjaz Perc